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AF&EAD > Avian Mycoplasmosis > Flashcards

Avian Mycoplasmosis Flashcards

1
Q

Avian Mycoplasmosis: main agents

A
  • Mycoplasma gallisepticum
  • Mycoplasma meleagridis
  • Mycoplasma synoviae
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2
Q

Diseases caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum

A
  • Chronic resp. disease (CRD) or air saculitis in:
    • chickens
    • pet birds
    • wild and free flying birds
  • infectious sinusitis in turkeys
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3
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Transmission

A
  • vertical through the egg as passes through oviduct

- horizontal via direct contact with airborne droplets

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4
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Clinical signs in broilers

A
  • most flocks show complicated CRD:
    • mortality 10-20%
    • infection and CSs seen @ 4-8 wks old
  • swelling of nasal sinuses
  • +/- coughing
  • downgrading of carcasses
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5
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Clinical signs in adult chickens

A
  • swelling of nasal sinuses and coughing near the time of laying
  • low feed conversion
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6
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Clnical signs in turkeys

A
  • more susceptible than chickens!
  • sinusitis (infraorbital sinuses)
  • swelling of head (marked facial swelling, deformity)
  • downgrading of carcasses = assoc w/ air saculitis
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7
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Lesions in chickens - uncomplicated cases

A
  • pinpoint beads on air sac membranes (= lymphoid aggregates)
  • catarrhal exudate (mucus!) in airways
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8
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Lesions in chickens - complicated cases

A

= mycoplasma initiates infection&raquo_space; 2° inf. also develops

  • caseous pus in air sacs w/ thickened membranes
  • fibrinous/fibrinopurulent perihepititis, pericarditis
  • congestion and consolidation in the lungs
  • catarrhal to purulent exudate in the airways
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9
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Diagnosis

A
  • CSs, lesions, and bacterial isolation (culture)

- serology

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10
Q

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: Tx, Px, and Control

A
  • raise free flocks = test and slaughter
  • immunization
  • medications for breeder birds (i.e. tyrosine, tetracycline)
  • egg dipping (dip in abx)
  • management procedures (i.e. “all-in-all-out” = don’t mix flocks)
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11
Q

Mycoplasma meleagridis: hosts

A

= ONLY turkeys

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12
Q

Mycoplasma meleagridis: Transmission

A
  • mainly vertical through eggs

- horizontal does occur

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13
Q

Mycoplasma meleagridis: Clinical signs and lesions

A
  • air saculitis in 1-day old poults…in some it develops 3-5 weeks later
  • skeletal lesions
    • twisting and shortening of the tarsometatarsus
    • swelling of the hock joint
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14
Q

Mycoplasma meleagridis: Diagnosis

A

= CSs and lesions

- others similar to M. gallisepticum

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15
Q

Mycoplasma meleagridis: Treatment

A
  • similar to M. gallisepticum

- tyrosine, tetracycline, etc.

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16
Q

Mycoplasma meleagridis: Control

A
  • avoid infection of turkey hens through semen

- no vaccine available

17
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae: Hosts

A
  • turkeys
  • chickens
  • guinea fowl
18
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae: 2 manifestations

A
  1. exudative synovitis, tendosynovitis, and bursitis

2. subclinical infection of the upper respiratory tract&raquo_space; if complicated = produces air saculitis

19
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae: Transmission

A
  • similar to M. gallisepticum
  • vertical through the egg as passes through oviduct
  • horizontal via direct contact with airborne droplets
20
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae: Clinical signs

A
  • usually seen @ 2 wks old in chicks infected thru egg
  • generally seen at:
    • 4-16 wks old in chickens
    • 10-24 wks old in turkeys
  • hocks or footpads are swollen&raquo_space; bird is still active
  • lameness
  • anemia
21
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae: Lesions

A
  • starts as creamy exudate&raquo_space; becomes caseous in joints and tendon sheaths
  • lesions +/- extend to skull, neck, and air sacs
22
Q

Mycoplasma synoviae: Dx, DDx, Tx, and Control

A 
Dx = isolation in embryos or footpads, serology
DDx = viral and bacterial agents causing arthritis
Tx = as for M. gallisepticum (tyrosine, tetracycline, etc.)
Control = vaccines (variable results) and elimination of breeders to prevent egg infection

AF&EAD (6 decks)

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