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Anatomy > Avian Anatomy 2 > Flashcards

Avian Anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Do birds have a diaphragm

A

No

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2
Q

Where are the coelomic cavities formed

A

From 2 layers of lateral mesoderm

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3
Q

What surrounds the heart

A

Pericardial cavity

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4
Q

What surrounds the lungs

A

Pleural cavity

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5
Q

What surrounds the liver, stomach and intestine

A

Peritoneal cavities

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6
Q

Do birds have vocal cords

A

No, by a syrinx which is the organ of voice production

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7
Q

What are the tracheal rings like

A

Complete

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8
Q

What is the air flow like

A

Unidirectional

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9
Q

What are nares

A

Nostrils found in the beak of a bird and highly variable placement and organisation

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10
Q

Where are the nasal conchae

A

rostal, middle and caudal

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11
Q

Where does the infraorbital sinus fill

A

Hollow space in the skull

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12
Q

What are nasal glands

A

In marine birds and secretes NaCl solution

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13
Q

Where is a common place for injections

A

Infraorbital sinus

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14
Q

Where are nasal salt glands located

A

Located just above the eyes

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15
Q

What is the function of nasal salt glands

A

Extract salt from the blood which allows marine birds to drink salt water

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16
Q

What are roles of nasal cavity (4)

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Particle filtration/trapping
  3. Water economy
  4. Heat economy
17
Q

What cartilages are absent in the larynx

A

Thyroid and epiglottis

18
Q

What is the syrinx

A

Organ of the voice

19
Q

What kind of trachea do birds have

A

Bifurcating trachea

20
Q

What does the mesobronchus consist of

A

Medioventral (cranial half)
Mediodorsal (caudal half)
Lateroventral (caudal half)

21
Q

What are all the segments in the bronchi connected by

A

Parabronchi

22
Q

What is the function of air sacs (3)

A
  1. Ventilate the lung - uni-directional movement
  2. Regulate body temperature
  3. Reduce specific gravity of the bird- relatively lighter for flight
23
Q

Ventilation sequence

A

Inspiration 1 - drawn into caudal air sacs
Expiration 1 - pushed to parabronchi
Inspiration 2 - drawn into cranial air sacs
Expiration 2: pushed out to environment

24
Q

What veins do you bleed birds from

A

Jugular

25
Q

What type of birds have lymph nodes

A

Only aquatic

26
Q

What does the thymus do

A

Has cellular immunity with T-cells

27
Q

Where is the harderian gland located

A

Behind eye

28
Q

What is the function of harderian gland

A

Immunity acting on antigens

29
Q

Where are lymph nodes present

A

Wall of lymphatic ducts

Anatomy (3 decks)

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