Autonomics - Pharmacology

Question 0

Bethanechol - Class + Use + Action

Answer 0

Class - Cholinomimetic Agonist - Muscarinic

Use - Activates Bowel + Bladder Smooth Muscle

Question 1

Cholimimetic Agents (4) - Basic Effects + Toxicity

Answer 1

Bethanechol + Carbachol + Methacholine + Pilocarpine (Alkaloid)
Muscarinic Receptor Agonists
Major Effects - Cardiac Slowing + Increased GI Peristalsis + Promotes Secretion
Toxicity - Vasodilation + Nausea/Vomiting + Sweating/Salivation + Miosis —— Rapid Signs - Treat wit Atropine

Question 2

Carbachol - Class + Use

Answer 2

Class - Cholinomimetic Muscarinic Agonist

Use - Carbon copy of Ach - Used for glaucoma + intraocular pressure

Question 3

Methacholine - Class + Use

Answer 3

Class - Cholinomimetic Muscarinic Agonist

Use - Challenge test for asthma (inhaled)

Question 4

Pilocarpine - Class + Use

Answer 4

Class - Cholinomimetic Muscarinic Agonist

Use - Stimulator of sweat, tears, saliva –> Contracts ciliary muscle of the eye

Question 5

Anticholinesterases (5) - Use/Function + Names + Toxicity

Answer 5

Anticholinesterases - Indirect Agonists (Inhibit the enzyme from breaking down Ach)
Names - Neostigmine (Big One) + Pyridostigmine + Physostigmine + Donepezil + Edrophonium
Exacerbation of COPD + Asthma + Peptic Ulcers

Question 6

Neostigmine - Class/Use + Action

Answer 6

Class - Anticholinesterase
Use - Post-op urinary retention + Myasthenia Gravis + Post-Op Reversal of the Neuromuscular Blockade
Action - Endogenous Ach Increase + No CNS Penetration (Neo = No)

Question 7

Pyridostimine - Class + Use + Action

Answer 7

Class - Anticholinesterase
Use - Myasthenia Gravis
Action - Increases endogenous Ach + Increases Strength - No CNS Penetration

Question 8

Physostigmine - Class + Use + Action

Answer 8

Class - Anticholinesterase
Use - Antidote for Anticholinergic Toxicity
Action - Increases Endogenous Ach + Treates Atropine OD –> Can cross into the CNS

Question 9

Donepezil - Class + Use + Action

Answer 9

Class - Anticholinesterase
Use - Alzheimer’s Disease
Action - Increase Endogenous Ach

Question 10

Edrophonium - Class + Use + Action

Answer 10

Class - Anticholinesterase
Use - Myasthenia Gravis Diagnosis (No longer in use)
Action - Increase Endogenous Ach

Question 11

Parathion - Class + Use + Action

Answer 11

Class - Organophosphate - Irreversible AChE (Cholinesterase) Inhibitor
Use - Pesticide that typically causes poisoning
Action - DUMBBELSS Poisoning

Question 12

DUMBBELSS - Organophosphate Poisoning

Answer 12

Excess Ach - Treat with Atropine
D - Diarrhea
U - Urination
M - Miosis
B - Bronchospasm 
B - Bradycardia
E - Excitation
L - Lacrimation
S - Sweating/Salivation

Question 13

Muscarinic Antagonists (7) - Use/Action + Names + Toxicity

Answer 13

Use/Action - Block Ach at Muscarinic Receptors - Atropine = Key Example
Names - Atropine + Benztropine + Scopolamine + Ipratropium + Tropicamide + Oxybutynin + Glycopyrrolate
Toxicity - Increased Body Temp + Dry Flushing + Tachycardia

Question 14

Atropine - Class + Major Uses + Action

Answer 14

Class Muscarinic Antagonist - Prototype + Used to Treat AchE Inhibitor Overdose
Other Uses - Treats Bradycarida + Opthalmic Applications
Actions - Dilate Pupils + Decrease Airway/Stomach Secretions + Decreases Gut/Bladder Motility/Urgency

Question 15

Tropicamide - Class + Use + Action

Answer 15

Class - Muscarinic Antagonist
Use - Eye Dilation (Rapid - Used in Office)
Action - Produces Mydriasis + Cycloplegia

Question 16

Benztropine - Class + Use

Answer 16

Class - Muscarinic Antagonist

Use - CNS - Parkinson’s Disease

Question 17

Scopolamine - Class + Use

Answer 17

Class - Muscarinic Antagonist

Use - CNS - Motion Sickness

Question 18

Ipratropium - Class + Use

Answer 18

Class - Muscarinic Antagonist

Use - Respiratory - COPD + Asthma - I pra I can breathe soon

Question 19

Oxybutynin - Class + Use

Answer 19

Class - Muscarinic Antagonist

Use - GU - Reduces urgency + bladder spasms (less peeing)

Question 20

Glycopyrrolate - Class + Use

Answer 20

Class - Muscarinic Antagonist

Use - Preoperative use to reduce airway secretion + oral to reduce drooling

Question 21

Nicotinic Antagonists (3) - Action + Names

Answer 21

Action - Block NMJ - Non-Depolarizing (prevents the receptors from opening) + Depolarizing (Locks open receptors so the second AP cannot be sent)
Names - Tubocuraine + Pancuronium + Succinylcholine

Question 22

Tubocuraine - Class + Use

Answer 22

Class - Nicotinic Receptor Antagonist (Non-Depolarizing)

Use - Block NMJ - Can be reversed with Ach or AChE Inhibitor

Question 23

Pancuronium - Class + Use

Answer 23

Class - Nicotinic Receptor Antagonist (Non-Depolarizing)

Use - Block NMJ - Can be reversed with Ach or AChE Inhibitor

Question 24

Succinylcholine - Class + Use

Answer 24

Class - Nicotinic Receptor Antagonist (Depolarizing)

Use - Blocks NMJ Receptors