autonomic drugs

Question 1

pilocarpine

Answer 1

MOA: cholinomimetic (muscarinic agonist)
USE: glaucoma, stimulates sweat/tears/saliva

Question 2

methacholine

Answer 2

MOA: cholinomimetic in airway (bronchoconstrict)
USE: challenge test for asthma diagnosis

Question 3

bethanechol

Answer 3

MOA: cholinomimetic (muscarinic agonist)
USE: urinary retention, ileus

Question 4

neostigmine

Answer 4

MOA: indirect muscarinic agonist - AChE inhibitor
USE: myasthenia gravis, ileus, urinary retention, reversal of postoperative NMJ block

Question 5

physostigmine

Answer 5

MOA: indirect muscarinic agonist - AChE inhibitor
**CNS
USE: anticholinergic toxicity (ie: atropine overdose)

Question 6

edrophonium

Answer 6

MOA: indirect muscarinic agonist - AChE inhibitor
USE: dx of myasthenia gravis (short-actint)

Question 7

donepezil

Answer 7

MOA: AChE inhibitor
USE: Alzheimer disease (also rivastigmine)

Question 8

organophosphates

Answer 8

MOA: irreversible AChE inhibitor
ANTIDOTE: atropine and pralidoxime (AChE regenerator)

Question 9

SLUDGE

Answer 9

too much muscarinic/parasympathetic stimulation

• salivation
• lacrimation
• urination
• defecation
• GI upset
• emesis

Question 10

atropine

Answer 10

MOA: muscarinic antagonist
USE: to reverse SLUDGE, bradycardia, ophthalmic stuff

Question 11

scopolamine

Answer 11

MOA: muscarinic antagonist

Question 12

NMJ blockers

Answer 12

succinylcholine: depolarizing ACh nicotinic agonist
tubocurarine: NMJ nicotinic antagonist

Question 13

antimuscarinic ADR

Answer 13

mad as a hatter
dry as a bone
red as a beet (blood shunted from organs to periphery/mm.)
hot as a hare
blind as a bat

Question 14

phenylephrine

Answer 14

MOA: alpha 1 (some alpha 2) agonist
USE: hypotension, ocular procedures (mydriatic), rhinitis (decongestant)

Question 15

epinephrine receptors

Answer 15

alpha 1, both betas (depends on dose) agonist

Question 16

norepinephrine receptors

Answer 16

a1, a2, b1 agonist

Question 17

isoproterenol receptors

Answer 17

b1, b2 agonist

Question 18

clonidine

Answer 18

MOA: a2 agonist
USE: some hypertensive emergencies, ADHD

Question 19

alpha-methyldopa

Answer 19

MOA: a2 agonist
USE: HTN in pregnancy

Question 20

dobutamine receptor

Answer 20

mostly b1 agonist

Question 21

prazosin, doxazosin

Answer 21

“-osin”
MOA: a1 antagonist
USE: BPH, HTN

Question 22

phentolamine

Answer 22

MOA: nonselective alpha blocker
USE: pts on MAOIs who eat tyramine foods

Question 23

phenoxybenzamine

Answer 23

MOA: nonselective alpha blocker
USE: pheochromocytoma