Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Question 1

What is the UK prevalence of ASD?

Answer 1

1% (more common in boys)

Question 2

Name some risk factors for developing ASD.

Answer 2

• Perinatal hypoxia

- Advanced maternal or paternal age

Question 3

Name some genetic syndromes that ASD is a feature of.

Answer 3

• Fragile X syndrome
• Tuberous sclerosis
• Angelmann syndrome

Question 4

Name the 3 key areas on which a diagnosis of ASD is made.

Answer 4

1. Abnormal social interaction
2. Impaired Social Communication
3. Restrictive or repetitive activites

Question 5

At what age must the diagnosis criteria of ASD be met?

Answer 5

Three years

Question 6

Name some differential diagnoses for ASD.

Answer 6

• LD
• Attachment disorder
• Rett’s Syndrome
• Schizophrenia
• Specific language disorders

Question 7

Describe the investigations that should be carried out in suspected ASD.

Answer 7

None - it is a clinical diagnosis, although a diagnosis should be made as part of a MDT.

Question 8

Describe the management techniques available for ASD.

Answer 8

• Behavioural management

- Educational measures i.e. Education Health and Care Plan (EHCP)