attitudes to empire Flashcards
disraeli:
1870s
asserted that conservative and liberals would let the empire crumble
crystal palace speech aimed to win support of newly enfranchised electorate after 1867
reform act - lord salisbury also played imperial card when he was prime minister
disraeli:
1875
bought £4 million worth of shares in the suez canal
disraeli:
1877
queen victoria appointed as emperor on india
appointed lytton as viceroy
disraeli:
1878
berlin congress - disraeli triumphed and stopped russia invading ottoman empire and was given cyprus by the turks
disraeli:
1879
indian viceroy lytton and disraeli invaded afghanistan
feared russian advances on india
huge losses but successful
disraeli:
1880
lost election
disraeli:
1898
sent kitchener to sudan
gladstone:
pre 1850
both parties non interventionist
more interested in free trade
end to chartered companies
wanted to avoid acquiring new territories and consolidate existing empire to help them achieve self governance
gladstone:
1880
first boer war
gladstone:
1881
majuba hill
big british defeat
gladstone:
1884
madhist rebellion in sudan
berlin conference - made bechuanaland and somaliland into protectorates, did not get involved when germany took new guinea
gladstone:
1885
resigned after the third reform act, which extended vote by 5.5 million
gladstone:
1886
introduced the home rule bill for ireland
had sympathy for irish nationalists, but failed
why would better education and expansion of voting rights have an impact?
people could read and easily access information
vote for the outcome they wanted - most people had a say so there was less isolation
newspapers and novels
king solomon’s mines by rider haggard
daily telegraph
the boy’s own paper
youth and empire
boys brigade - reinforced imperialist values by offering military training and reminding young men of what it meant to be part of the british empire
missionaries and adverts
by 1870, stories of explorers and misionaries were being avidly read and heroic tales helped to reinforce the victorian idea of benevolence and superiority
missionaries reinforced christianity
exhibitions
international exhibition in 1862 held in south kensington featured over 28,000 exhibits from 36 countries, 7000 from india alone
africa exhibition 1890 - celebrated explorers and colonialism
1877- a nubian village featuring both animals and humans collected in sudan was displayed at london’s alexandra palace
social darwinism
origin of species
certain species had advantages over their competitors was soon applied to the human race
justified by the disapperance of the maories and aborigines
