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Social Psychology > Attachment > Flashcards

Attachment Flashcards

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1
Q

Bowlby believed that attachment is driven by….

A

An innate behavioural system

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2
Q

How are attachment behaviours activated?

A

Under stress

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3
Q

What are 2 examples of attachment behaviours, once activated, in infancy?

A

Crying, clinging

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4
Q

Attachment and exploration are ________ _________

A

Mutually exclusive

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5
Q

What model does early attachment style create for an individual?

A

Internal working models

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6
Q

What are two examples of behaviours that would indicate the exploration system has been inhibited?

A

Monitoring accessibility of caregiver

Maintaining proximity

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7
Q

What are internal working models?

A

Lifelong templates of reliability of relationships

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8
Q

Which two parenting responses can affect the attachment of an infant?

A

1) Sensitive responsiveness of CGs

2) Quality of care

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9
Q

What are the three main attachment styles?

A

1) Secure
2) Insecure avoidant
3) Insecure resistant

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10
Q

What are 3 characteristics of a secure attachment?

A

1) Positive view of self
2) Positive view of others
3) Explore freely in absence of threat

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11
Q

What are 3 characteristics of insecure avoidant?

A

1) Positive view of self
2) Negative view of others
3) Physical/emotional avoidance of attachment figures

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12
Q

The greater the deviation from secure attachment, the greater……

A

The likelihood of dysfunction

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13
Q

What can a secure attachment predict, in terms of academics?

A

Academic achievement

Joint reading/pre-reading skills

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14
Q

What can an insecure attachment predict, in terms of academic?

A

Shorter attention spans

Worse performance on cog tasks

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15
Q

What did an airport separations study reveal about highly anxious women?

A

More distress when separating from their partner

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16
Q

What did an airport separations study reveal about highly avoidant men/women?

A

Less likely to maintain/seek proximity to their partners

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17
Q

How was adult attachment MEASURED in the airport separations study?

A

Experiences in close relationships scale

ECR

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18
Q

Attachment styles are based off a whole range of experiences, and the ______ ________ of said experience

A

Cognitive availability

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19
Q

How can attachment experience/schema be made more salient in the mind?

A

Priming

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20
Q

What would the ‘secondary drive’ theory predict about proximity seeking?

A

It is a learned behaviour rather than an innate drive

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21
Q

Can attachment and exploration systems be activate at the same time?

A

No

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22
Q

Which system (attachment or exploration) is activated under threat?

A

Attachment system activated

23
Q

Attachment systems and exploration systems are mutually exclusive. This is known as the…..

A

See-saw effect

24
Q

What is insecure-resistant also known was?

A

Anxious ambivalent

25
Q

Approximately what percentage of children are securely attached?

A

50-60%

26
Q

In a insecure-avoidant child, being ‘good’ may equate to…

A

Not becoming upset

27
Q

Inconsistent caregiving is likely to result in…

A

Insecure resistant attachment type

28
Q

What is the 4th type of attachment?

A

Disorganised

29
Q

In high risk samples, up to __ of children may be the ‘disorganised’ attachment style.

A

60%

30
Q

Which sampling method was employed by Hazan and Shaver?

A

Opportunity sample

31
Q

Do Hazan and Shaver believe their ‘love quiz’ provided enough evidence to support the notion of an inner working model having a lifelong effect?

A

Yes

32
Q

How long does the inner working model last for?

A

Life-long

33
Q

How does the ECR scale measure attachment? (2 dimensions)

A

a) Avoidance of emotional intimacy

b) Anxiety about abandonment

34
Q

What are Bartholemews 4 styles?

A

1) Secure
2) Fearful avoidant
3) Preoccupied
4) Dismissing avoidant

35
Q

Which of Bartholomews 4 styles is most self sufficient?

A

Dismissing avoidant

36
Q

What behaviours might a coding scheme of separation behaviours involve?

A

Hugging
Crying
‘I love you’

37
Q

Multiple relationships =

A

Multiple attachment schema

38
Q

General attachment style in adulthood is likely to be based on…

A

A range of experiences

Cognitive accessibility of these experiences

39
Q

Why isn’t an insecure attachment necessarily problematic?

A

It’s adaptive

Works in the given situation

40
Q

In normal samples, what percentage do disorganised children make up?

A

10-25%

41
Q

Was disorganised in the attachment styles identified by Ainsworth originally?

A

No - subsequently identified

42
Q

With disorganised children, the caregiver is (3)

A

Frightening/frightened
Insensitive
Aggressive

43
Q

Why does a disorganised attachment style present an impossible conundrum for the child?

A

Biological source of care is also the source of threat

44
Q

What kind of behaviour will a disorganised child exhibit?

A

Inconsistent

Approaching Or avoiding?

45
Q

Airport separations study: highly anxious men were less likely to…

A

Maintain contact

46
Q

Airport separations:

Highly avoidant men/women:

A

Less likely to maintain proximity

47
Q

What was used to create the ECR scale?

A

Bartholomew & Horowitz’s 4 factor model

48
Q

Are attachment styles traits or situation specific models?

A

Situation specific models

49
Q

Because we have multiple attachment relationships in our network, we have multiple attachment schema…

A

Some secure

Some insecure

50
Q

Our general attachment style is likely to be based of

A

A whole range of experiences

51
Q

Do we have lots of different attachment schema?

A

Yes

52
Q

Pruning procedures can be sub…

A

Subliminal or supraliminal

53
Q

Rowe and Carnelley found, after priming, pps recalled words in a way…

A

Congruent with the style they were primed with

54
Q

Security priming (recent developments) may be able to improve…(3)

A

Relationship expectations
Attachment anxiety
Compassion/altruism

Social Psychology (9 decks)

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