ATP

Question 1

describe how an ATP molecule is formed from its component molecules. (4)

Answer 1

1. adenine, ribose, three phosphate;
2. condensation reaction;
3. ATP synthase;

Question 2

water is used to hydrolyse ATP.
name the two products of ATP hydrolysis. (1)

Answer 2

1. adenosine diphosphate;
2. (inorganic) phosphate;

Question 3

ATP is an energy source used in many cell processes. give two ways in which ATP is suitable energy source for cells to use. (2)

Answer 3

1. releases relatively small amount of energy/little energy lost as heat;
2. releases energy instantaneously;

Question 4

the new antibiotic is safe to use in humans because it does not inhibit the ATP synthase found in human cells.
suggest why human ATP synthase is not inhibited and bacterial synthase is inhibited. (1)

Answer 4

human ATP synthase has a different shape active site/tertiary structure to bacterial ATP synthase;

Question 5

cells constantly hydrolyse ATP to provide energy.
describe how ATP is resynthesized in cells. (2)

Answer 5

1. form ADP and phosphate;
2. by ATP synthase;
3. during respiration/photosynthesis;

Question 6

give two ways in which the hydrolysis of ATP is used in cells. (2)

Answer 6

1. to provide energy for other reactions/named process e.g. respiration;
2. to add phosphate to other substances and make them more reactive/change their shape;