ATP

Question 1

What do cells require energy for?

Answer 1

• Synthesis (making proteins)
• Transport (active transport)
• Movement (muscle contraction)

Question 2

What does ATP stand for and what is its function?

Answer 2

Adenosine triphosphate

Supplies energy to cells

Question 3

What is the structure of ATP

Answer 3

An adenine base, a ribose sugar and three phosphate groups (it is a nucleotide)

Question 4

How does ATP release energy?

Answer 4

Via a hydrolysis reaction-
ATP + Water = ADP + phosphate + energy
This only happens simultaneously with energy requiring reactions
ADP- adenosine diphosphate

Question 5

How is ATP created?

Answer 5

Condensation reaction- phosphorylation

Reattaching a phosphate group to an ADP molecule

Question 6

Why is ATP a good immediate energy source rather than long term?

Answer 6

Not good as long term- instability of phosphate bonds

ADP can rapidly be phosphorylated to ATP- cells do not need to store large amounts of ATP as it can be made immediately

Question 7

What are the properties of ATP?

Answer 7

• Small (moves easily into and out of cells)
• Water soluble (energy requiring reactions in aqueous environments)
• Releases energy in small quantities (less heat wastage)