AR101

Question 1

I/O operations involve data exchange between the external
environment and the computer,

Answer 1

External Devices

Question 2

Suitable for communicating with the computer user

Answer 2

Human readable

Question 3

Suitable for communicating with equipment

Answer 3

Machine-readable

Question 4

Suitable for communicating with remote devices

Answer 4

Communication

Question 5

classify external devices into three categories:

Answer 5

Human readable
Machine-readable
Communication

Question 6

is the most common method for computer/user interaction, where the user inputs, the computer transmits,

Answer 6

Keyboard/Monitor

Question 7

is a program that manages the execution of application programs and serves as an interface between applications

Answer 7

operating system (OS)

Question 8

An OS makes a computer more convenient to use.

Answer 8

Convenience

Question 9

operating system (OS) can be thought of as having two objectives:

Answer 9

Convenience
Efficiency

Question 10

An OS allows the computer system resources to be used
in an efficient manner.

Answer 10

Efficiency

Question 11

I/O Commands

Answer 11

 Control
 Test
 Read
 Write

Question 12

the processor executes a program to control the operation,

Answer 12

PROGRAMMED I/O

Question 13

contains electronics for exchanging data, control, and
status signals with an I/O module p

Answer 13

Disk Drive

Question 14

Module Function (enumerate)

Answer 14

Control and timing
Processor communication
Device communication
Data buffering
Error detection

Question 15

Processor communication involves the following:

Answer 15

Command decoding
Data:
Status Reporting
Address recognition

Question 16

used in providing applications to a user can be viewed in a layered or hierarchical fashion

Answer 16

hardware and software

Question 17

Certain other hardware features are also desirable:

Answer 17

 Memory protection
 Timer
 Privileged instructions
 Interrupts

Question 18

The processor often idles due to the slow speed of I/O devices
compared to the automatic job sequencing provided by a simple batch OS.

Answer 18

MULTIPROGRAMMED BATCH SYSTEMS

Question 19

Multiprogramming efficiency in batch processing is enhanced by
providing an interactive mode for certain jobs

Answer 19

TIME-SHARING SYSTEMS

Question 20

From the late 1940s to mid-1950s, early computers had direct
programmer-computer interaction without an operating system

Answer 20

EARLY SYSTEMS

Question 21

Most installations utilize a sign-up sheet to allocate
processor time

Answer 21

Scheduling

Question 21

These early systems presented two main problems:

Answer 21

Scheduling
Setup time:

Question 22

Early processors were very expensive, and therefore it was
important to maximize processor utilization.

Answer 22

SIMPLE BATCH SYSTEMS

Question 23

A job is a single program that loads the compiler, source program

Answer 23

Setup time

Question 24

are the technique to represent numbers in the computer system architecture

Answer 24

Number systems

Question 25

Computer architecture supports following number systems.

Answer 25

Binary number system
Octal number system
Decimal number system
Hexadecimal (hex) number system

Question 26

has only two digits that are 0 and 1.

Answer 26

Binary number system

Question 27

has only eight (8) digits from 0 to 7.

Answer 27

Octal number system

Question 27

has only ten (10) digits from 0 to 9.

Answer 27

Decimal number system

Question 28

has sixteen (16) alphanumeric values from 0 to 9 and A to F.

Answer 28

Hexadecimal (hex) number system

Question 29

allows the designer to draw an object in three dimensions.

Answer 29

isometric drawing

Question 30

was the first to set down the rules for isometric drawing when he published his paper: ‘On Isometric Perspective,’ in 1822.

Answer 30

Professor William Farish in Cambridge
University,

Question 31

is to provide accurate information on the dimension and detail of an object.

Answer 31

orthographic projection