AO1: Psychopathology Flashcards
1
Q
Behavioural Characteristics of Phobias
A
- Avoidance
- Panic (Person freezes
when face to face with phobia - ‘fight or flight’)
2
Q
Emotional Characteristics of Phobias
A
- Fear (triggered by the presence of the phobia)
- Anxiety (happens even when the phobia is absent)
- Both are experienced excessively and unnecessarily for people with phobias
3
Q
Cognitive Characteristics of Phobias
A
- Selective Attention (the person becomes fixated on their phobia when it it present)
- Irrational Belief (they may make irrational assumptions about that phobia)
4
Q
A
5
Q
Behavioural Characteristics of Depression
A
- Reduction in energy level
- Disturbances in sleeping pattern
- Change in appetite (leads to weight loss/gain)
6
Q
Emotional Characteristics of Depression
A
- Depressed mood (feelings of worthlessness and lack of interest or pleasure in activities)
- Anger (directed at self or others)
7
Q
Cognitive Behaviours of Depression
A
- Weak attention and slow at making decisions
- Focus on negatives rather than positives (can lead to suicidal thought)
- Absolutist thinking (situations are seen as entirely good or bad)
8
Q
What is the focus of theories on depression?
A
Dysfunctional thought processes are the explanation for behavioural and emotional characteristics of depression
9
Q
A
10
Q
Behavioural Characteristics of OCD
A
- Compulsions - repetitive behaviours
- Compulsive Avoidance - people alter their behaviour to avoid people/places because of their obsession (e.g. avoiding public restaurants)
11
Q
Emotional Characteristics of OCD
A
- Anxiety - Obsessive thoughts generate anxiety which prompt compulsive behaviours
- Depression - Anxiety experienced can result in low mood and loss of pleasure
- Guilt over moral issues
- Disgust directed at external things (e.g. dirt)
12
Q
Cognitive Characteristics of OCD
A
- Obsessive Thoughts - unwanted, distressing, intrusive thoughts (e.g. need for symmetry and orderliness)
- Clear insight to illness - they are aware their thoughts are irrational
