Anxiety Disorders

Question 1

Spitzer et al. (2006)

Answer 1

Tested participants with GAD-7 twice, one week apart, and found a strong positive correlation between the pair of scores (+0.83).
Found a strong positive correlation with scores obtained on other respected measures of anxiety.

Question 2

Tested participants with GAD-7 twice, one week apart, and found a strong positive correlation between the pair of scores (+0.83).
Found a strong positive correlation with scores obtained on other respected measures of anxiety.

Answer 2

Spitzer et al. (2006)

Question 3

Mas et al. (2010)

Answer 3

BIPI [Spanish users] showed a strong positive correlation between scores on the BIPI and the blood subscale of the Fear Questionnaire (FQ) [English users].

Question 4

BIPI [Spanish users] showed a strong positive correlation between scores on the BIPI and the blood subscale of the Fear Questionnaire (FQ) [English users].

Answer 4

Mas et al. (2010)

Question 5

Dierssen et al. (2006)

Answer 5

Mice that over-expressed the NTRK3 gene showed increased anxiety-like behaviour and panic responses when encountering threatening stimuli and situations.

Question 6

Mice that over-expressed the NTRK3 gene showed increased anxiety-like behaviour and panic responses when encountering threatening stimuli and situations.

Answer 6

Dierssen et al. (2006)

Question 7

Distal et al. (2008)

Answer 7

Concordance rate for anxiety disorders was 39% for MZ and 9% for DZ.

Question 8

Concordance rate for anxiety disorders was 39% for MZ and 9% for DZ.

Answer 8

Distal et al. (2008)

Question 9

Watson and Rayner (1920)

Answer 9

Little Albert’s fear of white mouse could be conditioned by associating a loud hammer sound with the appearance of a white mouse. His fear was transferred to other white fluffy objects as well.

Question 10

Little Albert’s fear of white mouse could be conditioned by associating a loud hammer sound with the appearance of a white mouse. His fear was transferred to other white fluffy objects as well.

Answer 10

Watson and Rayner (1920)

Question 11

Ohman et al. (1975)

Answer 11

Fear of snakes (1 pairing with electric shock) can be easily conditioned compared to fear of houses (5 pairings).

Question 12

Fear of snakes (1 pairing with electric shock) can be easily conditioned compared to fear of houses (5 pairings).

Answer 12

Ohman et al. (1975)

Question 13

Di Nardo et al. (1988)

Answer 13

50% of a sample of people who had cynophobia never had a traumatic experience.

Many participants without cynophobia (control group) reported having experienced a traumatic event with a dog but had not become phobic.

Question 14

50% of a sample of people who had cynophobia never had a traumatic experience.

Many participants without cynophobia (control group) reported having experienced a traumatic event with a dog but had not become phobic.

Answer 14

Di Nardo et al. (1988)

Question 15

Ost (1992)

Answer 15

Blood phobics are more likely to have a parent or sibling with blood phobia compared to injection phobias and the control group of dental phobia, animal phobia and claustrophobia.

Question 16

Blood phobics are more likely to have a parent or sibling with blood phobia compared to injection phobias and the control group of dental phobia, animal phobia and claustrophobia.

Answer 16

Ost (1992)

Question 17

Freud (1909)

Answer 17

Hans’ fear of horses signified castration anxiety, an important feature of the Oedipus complex. Identification with his father helped him resolve his complex and phobia.
Hans’ mother lost her father and brother to suicide, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition towards anxiety and depression.

Question 18

Hans’ fear of horses signified castration anxiety, an important feature of the Oedipus complex. Identification with his father helped him resolve his complex and phobia.
Hans’ mother lost her father and brother to suicide, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition towards anxiety and depression.

Answer 18

Freud (1909)

Question 19

Blum (2007)

Answer 19

Trauma and child abuse can cause Han’s phobia as his mother has been said to have physically abused Han’s little sister and frequently abandoned and rejected both children.

Question 20

Trauma and child abuse can cause Han’s phobia as his mother has been said to have physically abused Han’s little sister and frequently abandoned and rejected both children.

Answer 20

Blum (2007)

Question 21

Shilkret (2002)

Answer 21

Avoidant behaviour of a phobic stimulus is maintained due to irrational beliefs, such as “the world is a dangerous place”. Behavioural therapy involving exposure leaves many people with residual symptoms and only 50% showed substantial improvement.

Question 22

Avoidant behaviour of a phobic stimulus is maintained due to irrational beliefs, such as “the world is a dangerous place”. Behavioural therapy involving exposure leaves many people with residual symptoms and only 50% showed substantial improvement.

Answer 22

Shilkret (2002)

Question 23

Chapman and DeLapp (2013)

Answer 23

Exposure therapy, combined with CBT and applied muscle tension, can be an effective treatment for BII phobia.

Question 23

Exposure therapy, combined with CBT and applied muscle tension, can be an effective treatment for BII phobia.

Answer 23

Chapman and DeLapp (2013)