anxiety

Question 1

what is the main diagnostic criteria for OCD

Answer 1

must spend more than an hour a day doing behavior

Question 2

best meds for PTSD are…

Answer 2

SSRI’s, SNRI’s, trazadone, and prazosin, treat based on symptoms

Question 3

a normal tramatic event leads to..

Answer 3

NE release and anxiety

Question 4

what part of the brain forms memories of tramatic events and forms conditioning

Answer 4

hipocampus

Question 5

which part of the brain elicits a response to recognized fear

Answer 5

amygdala

Question 6

benzo’s stimulate which GABA

Answer 6

GABA a

Question 7

low plasma concentrations of GABA and dysfunctioning ____ is seen in anxiety

Answer 7

GABA b

Question 8

what kind of receptor is GABA b

Answer 8

GCPR

Question 9

locus coerolus release what

Answer 9

NE

Question 10

in anxiety NE is

Answer 10

increased

Question 11

raphe nuclei are a part of

Answer 11

serotonin network

Question 12

in anxiety serotonin is

Answer 12

decreased, SERT may

Question 13

What other neuotransmitter helps regulate NE

Answer 13

serotonin

Question 14

substantia nigra, and ventral tegment area are part of what

Answer 14

DA

Question 15

increased DA may play a part in what

Answer 15

OCD

Question 16

in anxiety CRH levels are _____ and cortisol levels are ____

Answer 16

high, low

Question 17

what is the diagnostic critera for GAD

Answer 17

Persistant worry or anxiety for 6 months, difficult to control worry, and at least 3 of :restless, fatigue, concentration, irritabliy, muscle tension, sleep disterbances

Question 18

in OCD what behavior is done to lessen their anxiety

Answer 18

compulsion

Question 19

anger outbursts in PSTD are part of what

Answer 19

alterations in arousal and reactivity

Question 20

what are the two mechanisms for drugs that control anxiety

Answer 20

GABAnergic (short term) and agonists of 5-HT(long term)

Question 21

what is in BZDRA

Answer 21

benzos and non benzo’s (mainly for sleep)

Question 22

how does benzo’s and GABA work

Answer 22

GABA causes cl to flood in when bound to GABA a(ligand gated) receptors, benzo’s allow even more cl to come in

Question 23

what are benzos effect on sleep

Answer 23

decrease phase 3 and 4 and rem

Question 24

benzo withdrawal symptoms

Answer 24

insomnia, rebound anxiety, muscle tightness, seizures

Question 25

why is it hard to OD on benzos but when you take it with other CNS depressants its life threatening

Answer 25

benzos need GABA to bind so that limits binding, but CNS depressents have the same effect as benzos so the effect is increased

Question 26

which benzo’s go straight to phase II metabolism

Answer 26

lorazapem, temazopam and oxezapam, safer with patetines with liver dysfunction

Question 27

which benzo’s go through oxidation by 2c19 or 3A4 to oxezepam

Answer 27

clorazapate, diazepam, chlordiazepoxide

Question 28

if you have a liver dysfunction or are elderly which benzos are safest

Answer 28

Lorazepam, tanazapam, and oxxezapam

Question 29

benzos and ethanol cause what kind of drug drug interaction

Answer 29

pharmacodynamic

Question 30

which anxiety meds are preferred because they have less chance of drug abuse and tolerance

Answer 30

SSRIs

Question 31

which alternative medication is the only one FDA approved and what is it approved for

Answer 31

buspirone, GAD

Question 32

how does buspirone work

Answer 32

partial agonist at 5-HT

Question 33

what is pregabalin used off label for and how does it work

Answer 33

GAD, looks like GABA but binds to Ca channels in the CNS

Question 34

how does hydroxizyne work

Answer 34

H1 antagonist

Question 35

GAD treatment

Answer 35

therapy, SSRIS+benzos for first little while, secondline is buspirione

Question 36

PD treatment

Answer 36

therapy, SSRIs+benzo’s around the clock

Question 37

SAD treatment

Answer 37

therapy, SSRI’s+benzo prn, second line can be mirtazapine and beta blockers and benzos

Question 38

specific phobia treatment

Answer 38

therapy, drugs have shown little benefit

Question 39

OCD

Answer 39

therapy , if more severe than SSRI’s or clamipramine