Antimicrobianos Flashcards

1
Q

Amoxicilina

A
  • aminopenicilina
  • absorcion rapida y completa en via GI
  • alimentos no interfieren con absorcion
  • activas contra S. pyogenes
    pro farmago que se convierrte en ampicilina
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2
Q

Amoxicilina-Acido calvulanico

A

-

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3
Q

ampicilina

A
  • medicamento prototipico de las aminopenicilinas
  • absorcion incompleta por alimentos
  • aparece en bilis, tiene circulacion enterohepatica, excrecion fecal
  • contra infecciones de Chigella
  • para L.monocytogenes y meningococo
    infecciones de vias respiratorias por s.pyogenes
  • otitis media en ninos
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4
Q

azitromicina

A
  • MACROLIDO
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5
Q

bencilpenicilina benzatinica compuesta

A

-

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6
Q

bencilpenicilina procainica con bencilpenicilina cristalina

A

-

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7
Q

bencilpeniclina sodica cristalina

A

-

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8
Q

benzatina bencilpenicilina

A

-

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9
Q

cefalotina

A
  • CEFALOSPORINA 1ra GEN
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10
Q

cefepima

A
  • CEFALOSPORINA 4ta GEN
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11
Q

cefotaxima

A
  • CEFALOSPORINA 3ra GEN
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12
Q

ceftazidima

A

-CEFALOSPORINA 3ra GEN

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13
Q

ceftriaxona

A
  • CEFALOSPORINA 3ra GE
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14
Q

cefuroxima

A

-

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15
Q

ciprofloxacino

A

-

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16
Q

claritromicina

A
  • MACROLIDO
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17
Q

clindamicina

A

-

18
Q

cloranfenicol

A

-

19
Q

dapsona

A

-

20
Q

dicloxacilina

A

-

21
Q

doxiciclina

A

-

22
Q

eritromicina

A

-

23
Q

estreptomicina

A
  • AMINOGLUCOSIDO
24
Q

gentamicina

A
  • AMINOGLUCOSIDO
25
Q

imipenem y cilastatina

A

-CARBAPENEMICO

26
Q

levofloxacino

A

-

27
Q

linezolid

A
  • QUINOLONA
28
Q

meropenem

A

-CARBAPENEMICO

29
Q

moxifloxacino

A

-

30
Q

neomicina

A
  • AMINOGLUCOSIDO
  • amplio espectro
  • e. coli, Enterobacter erogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae y proteus vulgaris.
  • utilizada en infecciones de quemaduras, heridas, ulceras y dermatosis
  • ## preparar al intestino para cirugia
31
Q

nitrofurantoina

A

-

32
Q

piperacilina-tazobactam

A
  • extiende espectro de ampicilina para incluir cepas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae, y bactetroides y e faecalis
  • especto antibacteriano mas amplio de las penicilinas
  • tx de infecciones graves por bacterias gramnegativas
  • # 1 para pseudomona
33
Q

rifaximina

A

-

34
Q

talidomida

A

-

35
Q

teicoplanina

A

-

36
Q

tetraciclina

A

-antibioticos bacteriostaticos

37
Q

tigeciclina

A

-

38
Q

trimetroprim-sulfametoxazol

A
  • Chlamydia diphtheriae y N. meningitidis
  • sulfonamida inhibe incorporacion de PABA ene la cido folico y el trimetoprim inhibe a la reductasa de dihidrofolato
  • excrecion renal
  • infecciones de vias urinarias (infecciones cronicas y recurrentes), bronquitis cronica, shigelosis, infeccion por pneumocystis jiroveci, profilaxia en neutropenia, enfermedad de Whipple
  • megaloblastosis, leucopenia o trombocitpenia, nausea y vomito, glositis y estomatitis
39
Q

vancomicina

A

-

40
Q

amikacina

A
  • AMINOGLUCOSIDO
  • espectro mas amplio
  • util en hospitales con microorganismos resistentes a gentamicina y tobramicina
  • tratamiento inicial de infecciones nosocomiales graves por bacilos gramegativos
  • activa contra Serratia, Proteus y Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • causa otoxicosis y nefrotoxicosis