Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Infection > Antimicrobial chemotherapy > Flashcards

Antimicrobial chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What are common penicillins?

A 
Benzylpenecillin
Amoxicillin
Flucloxacillin
Co-amoxiclav
Peperacillin

Broad spectrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are common cephalosporins?

A 
Cefradine
Cefuroxime
Ceftriazone
Ceftazidime
Ceftaroline

UTI’s and hospital acquired infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are common aminoglycosides?

A

Gentamicin

Gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are common macrolides?

A

Claritromycin
Erythromycin
Azithromycin

In STD’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some quinolones?

A

Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin

Gram negatives in pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some glycopeptides?

A

Vancomycin and teicoplanin

Gram positives in MRSA and patients allergic to penicillins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some other antibiotics used?

A

Trimethoprim = negative UTI’s

Co-trimoxazole = BS in resp infections

Clindamycin, tetracycline, rifampicin, metranidazole

linezolid, daptomycin = 2nd line MSSA and MRSA and VRE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the principles of prescribing?

A

Therapy = empiric or directed

Prophylaxis = primary or secondary

Patient characteristics - age, renal and liver function and allergies

Antimicrobial selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is MRSA?

A

Methicillin is a penicillinase resistant to penicillin

MRSA has an altered PBP mutation

Resistant to flucloxacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is VRE?

A

Vancomycin resistant enterococci

VRE are only sensitive to 1 or 2 antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is ESBL producing enterobacteraciae?

A

Resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is CPE?

A

Carbapenem producing enterobacteriacae

Multiply resistant bacteria

Only sensitive to a few antibiotics of last resort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is type 1 Hypersensitivity reaction?

A

IgE mediated = pro inflammatory release = bronchospasm and circulatory collapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is type 2 Hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Beta lactem specific IgG or IgM antibodies bind to RBC = haematological reactions or interstitial nephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is type 3 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Beta lactem specific IgG or IgM antibodies bind to beta-lactem antigens = serum sickness and drug related fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is type 4 hypersensitivity reaction?

A

Not antibody mediated but T-cell recognises antigen = localised inflammation

17
Q

What are some reasons for therapy failure?

A 
Inadequate dose
Inappropriate route
Non-compliance
Bacteria walled off 
Foreign bodies
Poor drug penetration
18
Q

What antibodies have good biofilm activity?

A

Rifampicin

Daptomycin

19
Q

What is IV to or switch therapy?

A

When patient is getting better - able to swallow, normal temp for 48H, HR<100 and WCC between 4 and 12x10^9L

Dont if septic, oral route compromised and special indications

Infection (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions