Anticoagulants Flashcards
Vitamin K antagonist example
Warfarin
Vitamin K antagonist mechanism of action
Inhibits production of vitamin k dependant clotting factors
Stops conversion of vitamin to active reduced forms
II, VII, IX and X
Vitamin K eponide reductase inhibitor
Vitamin K antagonist uses
DVT and PE prophylaxis and treatment
AF
after orthopedic surgery
Protein S and C deficiency
Vitamin K antagonist side effects
CYP2C9 means lots of variability do must be monitored
crosses the placenta
bleeding
interactions
Paraenteral anticoagulant example
Heparin
Paraenteral anticoagulant mechanism of action
Inhibits the action of coagulation factors
Produced naturally in mast cells and vascular endothelium
Unfractionated- binding antithrombin cause conformational change and increased activity
low molecular weight- targets Xa
Parenteral anticoagulant uses
DVT, PE, AF, MI, NSTEMI, quicker onset than warfarin, does not cross placenta
Parenteral anticoagulant side effects
Bruising, bleeding, thrombocytopenia, osteoporosis and hypersensitivity
Synthetic pentasaccharide example
Fondaparinux
Synthetic pentasaccharide mechanism of action
inhibition of active clotting factor Xa
Direct acting oral anticoagulant examples
Apixaban
Rivaraxaban
Direct acting oral anticogulant mechanism of action
inhibition of active clotting factor Xa
Direct thrombin inhibitor examples
Agatroban
Dabigartran
Direct thrombin inhibitor mechanism of action
inhibition of clotting factor IIa
Heparin reversal examples
Protamine sulphate