Antibiotics

Question 1

uncomplicated CAP?

Answer 1

amoxicillin

doxycycline or clarithromycin if penicillin allergic

Question 2

pneumonia caused by atypical organisms?

Answer 2

clarithromycin

Question 3

hospital acquired pneumonia,

a) within 5 days of admission
b) more than 5 days of admission

Answer 3

within 5 days of admission: co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime

more than 5 days after admission: piperacillin with tazobactam

Question 4

acute pyelonephritis?

Answer 4

broad spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

Question 5

acute prostatitis?

Answer 5

quinolone or trimethoprim

Question 6

mastitis during breast feeding?

Answer 6

flucloxacillin

Question 7

throat infections?

Answer 7

phenoxymethylpenicillin

Question 8

sinusitis?

Answer 8

phenoxymethylpenicillin

Question 9

otitis media?

Answer 9

amoxicillin

Question 10

otitis externa?

Answer 10

flucloxacillin

Question 11

pelvic inflammatory disease?

Answer 11

oral ofloxacin and metronidazole

or

IM ceftriaxone + oral doxycycline or erythromycin

Question 12

compare antibiotics for mild CAP vs non severe HAP?

Answer 12

mild CAP: oral amoxicillin, 1g TDS, 5 days

non severe HAP: oral amoxicillin + oral metronidazole

Question 13

moderate/ severe HAP?

Answer 13

amoxicillin + macrolide (clarithromycin)

OR

IV co-amoxiclav + doxycycline

Question 14

how should severe cellulitis be treated?

Answer 14

co-amoxiclav,

clindamycin or

ceftriexone

Question 15

name the most common and second most common causative of meningitis in people aged 3 months - 60 years?

Answer 15

most common = neisseria meningitis

2nd most common: strep pneumoniae

Question 16

which antibiotic should be used to Tx meningitis?

Answer 16

IV cefotaxime or IV ceftriexone

Question 17

what should be given for household prophylaxis for bacterial meningitis?

Answer 17

oral rifampicin or ciprofloxacin

Question 18

which UTI medication is NOT used in pregancy?

Answer 18

trimethoprim

nitrofurentioin is not sued near term

Question 19

name the most common causative of CAP? which is most common in a patient with COPD?

Answer 19

most common causative = strep pneumoniae (80%)

most common in COPD patient = H.Influenzae

Question 20

what classes of bacteria are sensitive to gentamicin?

Answer 20

gram negative colifoms

Question 21

name some examples of gram negative coliforms?

Answer 21

E.Coli
klebsiella
enterobacter
Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 22

which bacteria are sensitive to vancomycin?

Answer 22

gram +ives

ie - staph aureus, streps and enterococci

Question 23

which antibiotics are most H.Influenza sensitive to?

Answer 23

amoxicillin and doxycycline

Question 24

why is nitrofurantoin not used for pyelonephritis?

Answer 24

it has no kidney tissue penetration

Question 25

compare the antibiotics used for 1st episode of C.Diff with the second or subsequent episode of infection?

Answer 25

first episode = oral vancomycin

second/repeat = oral fidaxomicin