Anti-infectives Flashcards
____________ an antibiotic effective against many types of bacteria
Broad spectrum antibiotic
Toxic to kidney
Nephrotoxicity
Infection that develops as a result of fungal infection due to antibiotics
Superinfection
Light sensitivity
Photosensitivity
Treating any disease
Chemotherapy
Limits bacteria reproduction
Bacteriostatic
Kills bacteria
Bactericidal
What classification should only be used short term because of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
Aminoglycosides
Why does the MD order a C&S before administering an antibiotic
To know what antibiotic to treat with
What signs would you expect to see an allergy to an antibiotic?
Rash urticaria
What class of antibiotics shouldn’t be used during the ages of tooth development?
Tetracycline
What drugs are used in the treatment of TB
I&H, RIF, PZA, E&B, STM
Class of antibiotic
Garamycin
Aminoglycocides- genomycin
Class of antibiotics
Biaxin (Clarithromycin)
Macrolides
Class of antibiotics
EES (erythromycin)
Macrolides
Class of antibiotics
Ampicillin
Penicillin
Class of antibiotics
Penicillin
Class of antibiotic
Ceclor
Cephalosporins
Class of antibiotics
Keflex
Cephalosporins
You patient develops a rash while taking keflex what should you instruct them to do
Stop med and call doc
Your patient develops a superinfection (diarrhea) or vaginal yeast inf while taking keflex what should you instruct them to do?
Continue med and use antifungal, probiotics, buttermilk or yogurt
Your patient is taking cephalosporins what patient teaching should you give regarding side effects?
Watch for allergic reactions
Avoid alcohol
Report side effects to physician
Take med without regard to meals but with good if stomach upset occurs
Attention to signs of abnormal bleeding (stool and urine)
May cause diarrhea so yogurt, buttermilk, and probiotics recommended
What antifungal is used in the treatment of candidiasis Infections
Nystatin, fluconazole
What are bactrim/septra primarily used for
UTI (sulfamethoxazole & trimethaxone)
What patient teaching should you give to your patient taking PCN (penicillin)
Stop med ASAP if allergic reaction
Empty stomach
Cancels BC
No anti acids
What antiviral agent is used predominately to treat herpes infection
Acyclovir
What is the DOC to treat severe allergic reactions
Epinephrine
What anti infective shave the side effects of photo sensitivity
Acyclovir Rescuvolin Bactrim Tetracycline Quinalones
What group of antibiotics is considered the least toxic
Macrolides (erythromycin, azythromycin)
What group of antibiotics is the most toxic
Aminoglycosides (mycin drugs)
What general instructions should you give patients on any antibiotic given
Never take for viral infections
Take all antibiotics with full glass of water on empty stomach atleast 1 hour before or two hours after meals
Not taking the med with alcohol, antacids, and fruit juice
Taking antibiotics prescribed at times to maintain blood levels if you miss a dose don’t double it the next dose-resume with taking next scheduled dose
Patients allergic to penicillin may also be allergic to drugs in what other class
Cephalosporins, carbapenim, cephalexin, ceclor, rocephin, cephapine)
What is the DOC for gonorrhea
Ceftrixone (rocephin) or quinolonea
What is the DOC for syphilis
Penicillin (macrolides is allergic to penicillin)
What are the SE of rifampin
Flulike and colors secretions red
What are some facts about rifampin
Used with other drugs, long term, no alcohol no contacts are to be worn
What is the lab drawn when taking Rifampin
Liver enzymes
When is tetracycline contradicted
Pregnant, children under 8, renal and liver disease, lactation
What are the SE of aminoglycosides
Hearing loss, tinnitus, CNS, nephrotoxicity, neuro blockage
What lab test is done when a person is prescribed an aminoglycosides
BUN & I&O
Why? To determine side effects through peak and trough
Which drugs are NOT recommended for the elderly
Aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, quinolones, vancomycin
Side effects of sulfonamides
Rash, GI, photosensitivity, crystal uria
SE of Tetracycline
Discolored teeth, no growth if given to a child, super infections, esophageal irritation if given before bedtime
SE of Cipro
Photosensitivity, super infections, cartilage and tendon damage, crystal uria
SE of Keflex
Hypersensitivity, GI, blood descretia
Which antiviral drug is used to treat influenza A as well as Parkinson’s disease
Symmetril (amantidine)
What is the criteria for administering tamiflu and relenza to effectively treat flu
Admin med within 48 hour of systems
What drug has the capabilities of stimulating gastric emptying as well as being an anti infective
Erythromycin
Shat drug combinations are used to treat h pylori infection
Biaxin with amoxicillin
Tetracycin & bizmuth solicylate and metronidazole
Drugs contradicted with children
Tetracycline
Metronzalole (flagyl)
___ means the best guess based on history
Empiric
Culture and sensitivity will not be available until __-__ hr
24-48 hr
