animal repro development pt 2 Flashcards
describe external fertilization
when sperm is shed into the water, the enviornment must be isotonic
what are accessory sex glands
also known as seminal vesicles, produces seminal fluid which houses fluid
what is the spermatheca/ seminal receptacle for
many invertebrates use these to to hold eggs and wait for sperm
-fertilization determines sex of animal
-male = no fertilization
-female= fertilization
what do the testes do
male sex organ that produces sperm
what does the epididymis do
sits right ontop of testes and stores sperm
what are seminiferous tubules
coiled tightly insides testes and manufactures sperm
What is the general process of spermatogenesis
primary spermocyte undergoes meiosis -> secondary spermocyte undergoes meiosis 2-> produces early spermatids-> turn into sperms
what are leydig
interstitual cells b/w groups of seminiferous tubules that produce testosterone in testes
(look like triangles under a microscope)
what is the oviduct
fallopian tube
describe the oogenesis process
primary oocyte goes thru meiosis 1 and starts meiosis 2 which produces a secondary oocyte and the 1st polar body . ovulation then occurs and the entry of sperm triggers completion of meiosis 2 which then produces an ovum and a second polar body
what are follicle cells
jacket of cells protecting the secondary oocyte while traveling down oviduct
How are GnHR hormones released
the gonadotropic releasing hormone which is triggered by the hypothalamus hits the anterior pituitary gland which then releases the gonadotropic hormone
what is the purpose of seminal fluid
- provide lube for sperm
- sperm food source
- liquid for sperm to live in
- combats acidity of vagina
