Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgery > Aneurysms > Flashcards

Aneurysms Flashcards

1
Q

Aneurysm definition

A

A permanent localized arterial dilatation more than 1.5 x the expected normal diameter of that vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ectasia definition

A

Localised arterial dilatation 1-1.5 x normal diameter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Arteriomegaly definition

A

Multi-segmental arterial dilatation 1-1.5x normal diameter of a single vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Different ways to classify aneurysms

A
  • location
  • size
  • type
  • shape
  • aetiology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aneurysm classification by etiology

A
  • congenital
  • CTD
  • degenerative
  • infectious
  • inflammatory
  • post-dissection
  • post-stenotic
  • pseudoaneurysm
  • miscellaneous
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Types of abdominal aortic aneurysms

A
  • infra-renal
  • juxta-renal
  • para-renal
  • supra-renal
  • thoraco-abdominal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Risk factors for operative mortality for AAA

A
  • age >70 years
  • females
  • renal dysfunction
  • severe pulmonary dysfunction
  • cardiac co-morbidity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why do we screen for AAA?

A
  • 70% are asymptomatic
  • 75% die before reaching hospital
  • <5% mortality with elective repairs
  • US is effective and inexpensive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

For whom is selective screening for AAA recommended?

A
  • caucasian males >65
  • patients with peripheral aneurysms
  • family history of AAA
  • thoracic aneurysms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Medical management of AAA

A
  • smoking cessation
  • weight loss
  • lipid lowering agents
  • anti-platelet agents
  • B-blockers
  • optimize co-morbidities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Indications for AAA surgical management

A
  • all symptomatic AAA
  • asymptomatic AAA >5.5cm
  • asymptomatic small AAA with expansion >1cm per annum
  • assocaited iliac aneurysm >3cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Options for surgical management of AAA

A
  • open repair
  • EVAR
  • robotic/ laparoscopic assisted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Early complications of AAA surgery

A
  • CVS: MI, CCF, hypotension
  • iatrogenic: ureteric or splenic injury
  • renal failure
  • paralytic ileus, ischaemic colitis
  • lower extremity ischaemia
  • paraplegia
  • sexual dysfunction
  • DVT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Late complications of AAA surgery

A
  • pseudoaneurysm
  • graft sepsis
  • aorto-enteric fistula
  • graft occlusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Triad for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm

A
  • shock
  • backache
  • pulsatile abdominal mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Risk factors for mortality for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
(Hardman risk index)

A
  • age >79
  • Hb <9
  • Creat >179
  • ischaemic ECG
  • BP <90
17
Q

Aetiology of thoraco abdominal aneurysms

A
  • degenerative
  • chronic dissection
  • mycotic
  • aortitis
18
Q

Clinical features of thoraco-abdominal aneurysms

A
  • asymptomatic
  • hoarseness, SVC syndrome, stridor, dysphagia
  • high backache
19
Q

Complications of dissecting aneurysms

A
  • rupture

- ischaemic complications

20
Q

Classification system for dissecting aneurysms

A

DeBakey classification

21
Q

Most common peripheral aneurysms

A
  • popliteal and femoral aneurysms
22
Q

Complications of popliteal aneurysms

A
  • thrombotic occlusion
  • thrombo-embolism
  • rupture
23
Q

Aetiology of femoral aneurysms

A
  • pseudo-aneurysm
  • degenerative
  • mycotic
  • HIV-associated
24
Q

Aetiology of subclavian artery aneurysms

A
  • degenerative
  • syphilis, TB, fibromuscular dysplasia
  • thoracic outlet syndrome
25
Q

Presentation of subclavian artery aneurysms

A
  • upper extremity pain and neuropathy
  • upper extremity swelling
  • upper extremity ischaemia
  • hoarseness/ stridor
  • TIAs
26
Q

Presentaiton of extracranial carotid aneurysms

A
  • pulsatile lateral neck mass/ bruit
  • TIA/stroke
  • cranial nerve palsy
  • horner’s syndrome
27
Q

Classification of mycotic aneurysms

A
  • due to septic emboli (IE)
  • due to bacterial arteritis
  • infection of existing aneurysm
28
Q

Organisms for mycotic aneurysm

A
  • S aureus
  • strep viridans
  • strep faecalis
  • staph epidermidis
  • e. coli
  • psuedomonas

Surgery (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions