Anatomy Of The Integumentary System

Question 1

What are the organs of the integumentary system?

Answer 1

Skin, hair, nails and glands

Question 2

What is the epidermis?

Answer 2

• Outermost layer of the skin (top layer)
• Acts as a protective barrier
• Makes new skin
• Protects body
• Provides skin colour (contains melanin)

Question 3

What is melanin?

Answer 3

It is a pigment that protects against damage by ultraviolet radiation - determines the colour of your skin

Question 4

What is another name for the subcutaneous layer?

Answer 4

Hypodermis

Question 5

What are the 3 major cells that make up the epidermis?

Answer 5

Keratinocytes - produce protein keratin
Melanocytes - skin pigment known as melanin
Langerhan cells - prevent things from getting into skin

Question 6

What is the dermis?

Answer 6

The middle layer - composed of connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibres

Question 7

What epidermal cell has a role in immunity and disease resistance?

Answer 7

Langerhans cells

Question 8

What layer of epidermis is composed of a single row of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes?

Answer 8

Stratum basale

Question 9

What is the dermis?

Answer 9

Middle layer of skin. It’s tole is to support and protect the skin and deeper layers & assist in thermoregulation

Question 10

What does thermoregulation mean?

Answer 10

Homeostatic process that maintains a seated internal body temp despite changes in external conditions

Question 11

Where is the stratum lucidum present in?

Answer 11

Only present in thick skin

Question 12

Constant exposure of skin to friction stimulates the formation of a callus which is the thickening of the … of the epidermis?

Answer 12

Stratum corneum

Question 13

What layer of the skin is composed mainly of dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibres?

Answer 13

The dermis

Question 14

Which of the following structures found in the skin plays an important role in thermoregulation?

Answer 14

Sweat glands

Question 15

In this type of scar the scar tissue extends beyond the boundary of the injury into normal tissue?

Answer 15

Keloid scar

Question 16

What condition is characterised by excessive body hair caused by tumours in adrenal glands, testes or ovaries?

Answer 16

Hirsutism

Question 17

Which condition is due to a buildup of bilirubin pigment in the skin?

Answer 17

Jaundice

Question 18

What term refers to redness of the skin such as seen in pts with inflammation, infection or heat exposure?

Answer 18

Erythema

Question 19

Which term refers to planes of the skin such as seen in its with shock or anemia?

Answer 19

Pallor

Question 20

Which term refers to an inflammation of the skin characterised by patches of redness, blistering and extreme itching?

Answer 20

Eczema

Question 21

A pt has stepped on a nail - list the sequential layers of strata of the epidermis that the nail penetrated through to finally reach the dermis?

Answer 21

corneum, lucidum, granulosom, spinosum, basale

Question 22

What skin disorder involves inflammation of sebaceous glands by bacteria which thrive in the lipid rich sebum?

Answer 22

Acne

Question 23

What structures found in the skin help prevent water loss and inhibits bacterial growth on the surface of the skin?

Answer 23

Oil glands

Question 24

Where are the ceruminous glands located and what do they do?

Answer 24

Located in ear canal and are involved in producing a waxy secretion called cerumen which provides a sticky barrier that prevents entry of foreign bodies into air canal