Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards
Where are striated muscles located?
- stomach wall and uterus
- urinary bladder and intestine
- ciliary body of the eye
- heart and skeletal muscles
Heart and skeletal muscles
Systemic circulation is under:
- high pressure
- low pressure
- partial pressure
- equilibrium
High pressure
A pregnant mare has what kind of placentation?
- zonary
- cotyledonary
- diffuse
- discoid
Diffuse
The pressure in the systemic arteries during ventricular contraction is:
- diastolic blood pressure
- osmotic pressure
- systolic blood pressure
- low pressure
Systolic blood pressure
What hormone causes the female reproductive tract to help move spermatozoa into the oviducts?
- estrogen
- progesterone
- prolactin
- oxytocin
Oxytocin
Cardiac muscle is considered a:
- nonstriated involuntary muscle
- striated involuntary muscle
- nonstriated voluntary muscle
- striated voluntary muscle
Striated involuntary muscle
In what order does the impulse for depolarization travel through the heart?
- AV node, SA node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
- SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
- SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers, bundle of His
- AV node, SA node, Purkinje fibers, bundle of His
SA node, AV node, bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
A pregnant queen has what kind of placentation?
- zonary
- cotyledonary
- diffuse
- discoid
Zonary
The control of colour changes in the pigment cells of reptiles, fish, and amphibians is associated with which hormone?
- FSH
- LH
- MSH
- TSH
MSH
The wave on an electrocardiogram that is associated with the atrial wall depolarization is the:
- PR interval
- T wave
- QRS complex
- P wave
P wave
The SA nose is located in the wall of which chamber?
- left atrium
- left ventricle
- right atrium
- right ventricle
Right atrium
The muscular sphincter located between the stomach and the duodenum is the:
- pylorus
- cardia
- chyme
- rugae
Pylorus
The type of cell responsible for the transmission of impulses through the nervous system is the:
- neuroglia
- Schwann
- neuron
- oligodendrocyte
Neuron
Dogs demonstrate what type of estrous cycle?
- polyestrous
- seasonally polyestrous
- diestrus
- monoestrous
Diestrus
What system is anatomically composed of the brain and spinal cord?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system
Central nervous system
Functions that an animal does not have to consciously control, such as peristalsis in the intestine, are influenced by the:
- somatic nervous system
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- autonomic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
The cranial nerves and the spinal nerves are anatomically part of what system?
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- parasympathetic nervous system
- sympathetic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Sensory nerves are considered:
- efferent motor nerves
- motor nerves
- efferent nerves
- afferent nerves
Afferent nerves
When a stimulus is strong enough to cause complete depolarization, it has reached:
- threshold
- repolarization
- refractory period
- action potential
Threshold
What happens within the neurons that allows local anesthetics to be effective?
- potassium gates open
- the charge within the cell becomes positive
- the charge within the cell becomes negative
- sodium channels become blocked
Sodium channels become blocked
Smooth muscles can be found in the:
- heart
- stomach
- pelvic limb
- diaphragm
Stomach
Smooth an cardiac
Cattle and swine display what type of estrous cycle?
Polyestrous
What species is an induced ovulator?
Feline
In what stage of the estrous cycle does the corpus luteum develop?
Metestrus
Which reaction is the result of sympathetic nervous system stimulation?
Dilated pupils
The hormone produced by a developing ovarian follicle is:
Estrogen
To achieve a normal pregnancy, the blastocyst attaches to which structure?
Endometrium
From the cycle to parturition, in what order are the following hormones released? estrogen, oxytocin, progesterone
Estrogen, progesterone, oxytocin
All of the following are types of chorion attachments except: diffuse, cotyledonary, zonary, polycyton
Diffuse
A pregnant bitch has what kind of placentation?
Zonary
The canine uterus is shaped like the letter:
Y
How many mammary glands are typically found on a bitch?
8-12
Which reaction is the result of a parasympathetic nervous system stimulation?
Decreased heart rate
The neurotransmitter that is most responsible for the “fight or flight” reaction is:
Epinephrine
In the healthy heart, the heartbeat is initiated by the:
SA node
On an electrocardiogram, the ‘T’ wave is most closely associated with:
Ventricular repolarization
On inspiration, the pressure in the thoracic cavity, as compared with ambient air pressure is:
Negative
Int he healthy awake cat, the primary stimulus within blood for respiration is
Increased CO2
An increased PCV could be indicative of:
Dehydration
Apnea will cause:
Respiratory acidosis
Which of the following nutrients can be used for gluconeogenesis?
Amino acids
Cataracts result from a problem with transparency of the:
Lens
Within the eye, the choroid is located between which 2 structures?
Sclera and retina
Which of the following are considered to be a category of lipids?
Neutral fats, steroids, and phospholipids
Which of the following processes is not a function of insulin? increased glucose transport into muscle, lipogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, increased blood pressure
Increased blood pressure
Which endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets produce the hormone glucagon?
Alpha cells
Long-term use of glucocorticoids will: increase lymphocyte production, increase plasma protein levels, suppress the immune system, or decrease blood glucose levels
Suppress the immune system
Nociceptors are important for detecting:
Pain
The sensation of hunger falls under which general sense?
Visceral sensation
The vagus nerve is cranial nerve ______?
X
The cranial nerves originate from the _____?
Brainstem
Glaucoma is:
Increased pressure in the anterior chamber of the eye
Aqueous humor is formed in which chamber of the eye?
Posterior chamber
Clients should be cautioned against sticking Q-tips in ears of their pets because they could rupture the:
- Oval window
- Round window
- Cochlea
- Tympanic membrane
Tympanic membrane
Which condition would be typical of hypothyroidism?
- decreased water consumption
- oily hair coat
- very active
- weight gain
Weight gain
