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English Language Key Terms > Analysing Key Terms > Flashcards

Analysing Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Abstract Noun

A

A naming word for an idea, concept or state of being or belief.
E.g. Tiredness, sadness or politics.

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2
Q

Proper Noun

A

A naming word for specific example of a common noun.

E.g. Bill, France

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3
Q

Verb

A

A doing word.

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4
Q

Active Verb

A

A word that represents a physical action.

E.g. Running, kissing

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5
Q

Stative Verb

A

A word that represents a process that is often only mental.

E.g. Thinking, believing

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6
Q

Auxiliary Verb

A

A verb that has to be used with another verb in order to create the future tense.
E.g. DID you go? I AM going.

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7
Q

Modal Verb

A

An auxiliary verb that expresses a degree of either possibility or necessity.
E.g. Might, must, should, may.

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8
Q

Adjective

A

A describing word that modifies a noun.

E.g. PINK Car.

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9
Q

Adverb

A

A describing word that modifies all types of word, excluding nouns.
E.g. QUICKLY She ran.

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10
Q

Superlative

A

An adjective that displays the most extreme value of its quality.
E.g. Most, Biggest, Smallest (Commonly end with “est”)

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11
Q

Comparative

A

An adjective that relates one thing in some way to another and usually ends in ‘er’.
E.g. Bigger, Smaller, Quicker

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12
Q

Definite Article

A

The.

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13
Q

Indefinite Article

A

A or An.

E.g. It’s A miracle

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14
Q

Pronoun

A

A word that takes the place of a noun in a sentence
E.g. He, She, Him, Her, It, They
(Self-Reflective Pronoun: I, Me)

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15
Q

First-Person Pronoun

A

I

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16
Q

First-Person Plural

A

We, Our, Us

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17
Q

Second-Person Pronoun

A

You

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18
Q

Third-Person Pronoun

A

Him, Her,

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19
Q

Third-Person Plural

A

Them, Those

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20
Q

Possessive Pronoun

A

(1st, 2nd or 3rd Person Depending) My, Mine, His, Hers, Theirs.

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21
Q

Demonstrative Pronoun

A

This, That, Those.

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22
Q

Lexis

A

Vocabulary

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23
Q

Imperative

A

Issuing a Command

E.g. BUY this now, JOIN the cause, DO the right thing, PUT the flower into the bowl

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24
Q

Declarative

A

Making a statement, using a statistic

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25
Q

Interrogative

A

A question

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26
Q

Exclamatory

A

When a sentence coveys a strong sense of emotion, alarm or dramatic headline in order to get the readers attention

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27
Q

Common Noun

A

A naming word for a thing that is tangible.

Example. Chair

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28
Q

Register

A

The level of formality in a text.

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29
Q

Tenor

A

The tone or the relationship between the author and the reader.

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30
Q

Attitudes

A

The opinions expressed in a text

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31
Q

Content

A

What the text is about

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32
Q

Context

A

Things outside the text that may shape its meaning

E.g. When it was written, who wrote it

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33
Q

Form

A

The structure and shape of a text.

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34
Q

Themes

A

The reoccurring ideas and images in a text.

35
Q

Colloquialism

A

Informal language usage

E.g. Bloke, Fella

36
Q

Exclamation

A

One word sentence (always a minor sentence with a ! At the end)

37
Q

Ellipses

A

When parts of a written structure are missing, in texts this is indicated by … (Significant pause)

38
Q

Syntax

A

The way the words form sentences (ordering of them to create meaning).

39
Q

Parenthesis

A

Extra bit of information in brackets or hyphen.

40
Q

Hipophora

A

When there’s an answer immediately after a rhetorical question
E.g. “Is this movie good? Yes!”

41
Q

Hyperbole

A

Deliberate overreaction for effect.

E.g. “Waiting an eternity”

42
Q

Themes

A

The Recurring ideas and images in a text

43
Q

Colloquialism

A

Informal language usage

44
Q

Exclamation

A

a one word sentence (always a minor sentence) with a ! at the end

45
Q

Ellipsis

A

when parts of written structure are missing. In texts, sometimes they are indicated by … this denotes a significant pause

46
Q

Syntax

A

the way words form sentences

47
Q

Parenthesis

A

an aside within a text created by sectioning off extra information between brackets or hyphens

48
Q

Hypophora

A

when a rhetorical question is answered “is this amazing? yes!”

49
Q

Hyberbole

A

deliberate over-exaggeration of things for effect

50
Q

Litotes

A

deliberate downplaying of things for effect

51
Q

Patterning

A

the creation of patterns in a text for deliberate effect

52
Q

Tricolon

A

grouping in threes, either through repetition or structures.

53
Q

Pre-modification

A

a descriptive technique where descriptive words are used before the word they are describing
E.g. the BIG, FAT, lady

54
Q

Post-modification

A

a descriptive technique where the descriptive words come after the thing they are describing
E.g the lady, BIG and FAT

55
Q

Metaphor

A

a comparison that states that something is something else

E.g. “I’m a demon driver”

56
Q

Simile

A

a comparison that states that something is ‘like’ or ‘as’ something else
E.g. “I drive like a demon

57
Q

Synecdoche

A

a metaphor that states that something is only a small constituent part of itself
E.g. “Being behind BARS” (prison)

58
Q

Analogy

A

explaining something in terms of something else

E.g. “He is like a rock” - he is hard

59
Q

Allusion

A

to refer to something indirectly or metaphorically

60
Q

Pathetic Fallacy

A

when the environment or weather mirrors emotions.

61
Q

Extended metaphor

A

when a metaphor continues throughout a text with recurring references to the compared item

62
Q

Lexis

A

WORD

63
Q

Semantics

A

the meaning of words

64
Q

Archaism

A

a word that, over time, has fallen out of common usage.

65
Q

Juxtaposition

A

the placing together of elements (whether text, image etc) for some conscious effect, whether that be complimentary or contrasting
E.g. (beauty and ugliness / good and bad)

66
Q

Antithesis

A

when ideas contrast or oppose one another; a semantic contrast in text. Often used in reasoned arguments to create emphasized argument.
E.g. “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” - Neil Armstrong

67
Q

Binary Opposites

A

elements of a text that hold opposite ends of a theoretical scale.
E.g. big/small hot/cold loud/quiet

68
Q

Oxymoron

A

the use of apparently contradictory words in a phrase

E.g. “Peaceful war” “Hot ice”

69
Q

Collocations

A

words that, through usage, go naturally together. We collectively understand that they are all inextricably linked
E.g. “Salt and Vinegar”, “Knife and Fork”

70
Q

Phonological Features

A

any devices that relate to sound

E.g. Alliteration

71
Q

Assonance

A

the repetition of vowel sounds

E.g. “wear a HOOD while you chop the WOOD GOOD”

72
Q

Consonance

A

the repetition of double consonants in the middle of words

E.g. “I BETTER get more BUTTER before I go to post this LETTER”

73
Q

Ambiguity

A

Where there can be one or more possible meaning attached to an item or story.

74
Q

Compound Word

A

a word created by utilizing two existing words, separated by a hyphen
E.g. Bone-headed

75
Q

Clipping

A 
a colloquial (informal) omission of parts of words to create a more casual alternative
E.g. Fridge, Pram
76
Q

Stereotype

A

a label for a social group, using certain characteristics of a social group and associating it to everyone within the grouping.

77
Q

Taboo Language

A

words that are seen as unacceptable or impolite in civilized society
E.g. Swear words/politically incorrect

78
Q

Connotation

A

the associations that can be obtained from words.

79
Q

Denotation

A

a words literal meaning.

80
Q

Euphemism

A

a polite way of saying something that isn’t considered socially appropriate
E.g. “I need a tinkle” “she’s pushing up daisies”

81
Q

Dysphesism

A

an unnecessarily extreme way of saying something, not normally socially appropriate, could contain taboo language or too much information.
E.g. “I need a shit” “she blew her brains right out, there wasn’t much left of her skull”

82
Q

Idiom

A

a saying, often a cliche where the words that make up the saying do not have the same meaning as the overall semantic effect.
E.g. “I’m over the moon” “You’re having a laugh”

83
Q

Semantic Shift

A

the shift in a words meaning over time

E.g. “Sick” - used to just mean illness, now also refers to something positive.

English Language Key Terms (2 decks)

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