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Chemistry > Amount of substance > Flashcards

Amount of substance Flashcards

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1
Q

Define amount of substance

A

The quantity whose unit of the mole, used as a means of counting any species such as atoms ions and molecules

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2
Q

Define mole

A

The amount of any substance containing as many elementary particles as there are carbon atoms in exactly 12g of the carbon 12 isotope.

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3
Q

What is mol the unit for?

A

Amount of substance

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4
Q

What is the avagadro constant?

A

The number of atoms per mole of the carbon 12 isotope

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5
Q

What is the value of the avagadro constant and what is its symbol?

A

NA 6.02 x 10 23 mol-1

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6
Q

What is the molar mass?

A

The mass per mole of a substance

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7
Q

What are the units for molar mass?

A

M- g mol-1

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8
Q

What is the molar gas volume?

A

The volume per mole of gas molecules at a stated temperature and pressure

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9
Q

What are the units for molar gas volume?

A

dm3 mol -1

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10
Q

What is the empiracal formula?

A

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound

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11
Q

Define molecular formula

A

The number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule

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12
Q

How do you work out empirical formula?
Hint Matt Murdock Murders Deer (maliciously)

A

Mass g
Mr
moles
Divide by smallest
(multiply out if needed)

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13
Q

How do you find the molecular formula from the empirical formula?

A

See how much bigger the given Mr is than the Mr of the empirical and multiply acordingly

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14
Q

Define anhydrous

A

Containing no water molecules

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15
Q

Define hydrated

A

A crystalline compound containing water molecules

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16
Q

Define water of crystallisation

A

Water molecules that are bonded into crystalline structure of a compound

17
Q

What is the formula triangle for Mass moles and Mr?

A

Mass
Moles MR

18
Q

What are the three general steps to use when answering a reacting mass question?

A

Step 1- moles of known
Step 2- moles of unknown (use mole ratio)
Step 3- Answer question

19
Q

What is the name and quantity of the value that represents the no of molecules in one mole of gas?

A

Avagadros number
6.02 x 10 23

20
Q

One mole of any gas at room temperature and pressure occupies

A

24 cubic dm
24000 cm3

21
Q

What are the values of room temperature and pressure?

A

100 kPa
25 degree c

22
Q

What is the formula triangle for volumes of gasses?

A

Volume dm3
no of moles 24 dm3

23
Q

1 mole of any gas at 100KPa and 25C occupies a volume of

A

24 dm3

24
Q

24 dm3 is known as

A

the molar gas volume

25
Q

Solute dissolves in the

A

solvent

26
Q

What is concentration?

A

How much solute is in a given solvent

27
Q

What is the formula triangle for moles concentration and volume?

A

no of moles
concentration volume

28
Q

what are the units for concentration and volume?

A

conc - mol dm -3
volume - dm3

29
Q

What is a standard solution?

A

A solution of a known concentration

30
Q

What is the ideal gas equation?

A

PV=nRT

31
Q

What are the units of each aspect of the ideal gas equation?

A

P= Pressure Pa
V volume m3
n amount of substance mol
R ideal gas constant
T temperature K

32
Q

How do you convert dm3 to m3?

A

divide by 1000

33
Q

How do you convert cm3 to m3?

A

divide by 1million

34
Q

How do you convert from celcius to kelvin?

A

add 273

35
Q

How do you convert from Kelvin to celcius?

A

-273

36
Q

What is the value of the ideal gas constant?

A

8.314 mol -1 K -1

37
Q

What assumptions are made for an ideal gas?

A

The gas molecules are tiny compared to the spaces between them
There are no forces acting between gas molecules
The gas molecules move randomly
When gas molecules collide the collisions are elastic

38
Q

What is the equation for %yeild?

A

actual ammount
x 100
Maximum theoretical ammount

39
Q

Why is %yeild never 100%?

A

Side reactions may occur
Reaction may not go to completion
Reaction may be reversible
Process may occur in stages - product may be lost on extraction between stages

Chemistry (9 decks)

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