AMNIOTIC FLUID & FECAL analysis Flashcards
def? Liquid product of fetal metabolism
amniotic fluid
where in the body do you find amniotic fluid
amnion
what is the membrane that surrounds the fetus called
amnion
what helps with the temp of the fetus
amniotic fluid
what helps with fetal lung development
amniotic fluid
what does amniotic fluid allow to exchange
water
chem
if you are pregnant and 35 or older what test needs to be preformed
Amniocentesis
what does Amniocentesis test for
birth defects
what can be examined later than 20 weeks from Amniocentesis
fetal lung maturity
fetal distress
what fluid is amniotic fluid similar to
dialysate of plasma
what does the fetus do to for intestinal absorption
swallows amniotic fluid
how is water and and electrolytes removed and replaced in the amniotic fluid
fetal urineation
during the 1st trimester how much amniotic fluid is derived primarily from the maternal circulation
35 ml
when is amniotic fluid at a volume high
37 weeks
measure of lung maturity in amniotic fluid
lung surfactants
def? Excess amniotic fluid from failure of fetus to swallow >1200 mL
Polyhydramnios
def? Decreased amniotic fluid from increased fetal swallowing, membrane leakage <800 mL
Oligohydramnios
what compounds does fetal urine increase
creatinine, urea, and uric acid
what compound measures fetal age
creatinine
what is used to measure premature membrane rupture or accidental puncture of maternal bladder from amniocentesis
maternal urine
what test is ran to distinguish between amniotic fluid and mom’s urine
fern test
def? needle aspiration into amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance: transabdominal or vaginal
amniocentesis
when is amniocentesis preformed
after 14 week
what temp is amniotic fluid kept at
room
what is done to an amniotic fluid sample for fetal/lung FLM tests
kept on ice
what does a green amniotic fluid mean
Meconium (fetal bowel movement)
what does a dark red-brown amniotic fluid mean
fetal death
what does a yellow amniotic fluid mean
bilirubin
what protein is produced by the fetal liver
Alpha-fetoprotein
what is the Most common complication of early delivery
respiratory distress syndrome
def? storage form of surfactants responsible for Fetal Lung Maturity
lamellar bodies
what produces lamellar bodies
type II pneumocytes
def? placenta and acts as the glue that attaches the placenta to the uterine wall
Fetal Fibronectin
what helps lube the fetus when it come out
Fetal Fibronectin
what is tested for gastrointestinal bleeding (GI), liver and biliary duct disorders, pancreatic disorders, malabsorption syndromes, maldigestion, and infections problems
feces
how many grams of feces is produced in a 24 hr period
100- 200 g
where is the final breakdown and reabsorption of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats
small intestines
what help the final breakdown and reabsorption of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats
pancreatic enzymes
bile salts
site of water, sodium, chloride absorption
large intestines
def? >200 g stool weight per day with increased liquid and more than three movements per day
diarrhea
if you have diarrhea for more than 4 weeks what is it called
chronic
if you have diarrhea for less than 4 weeks what is it called
acute
what lab test are ran on diarrhea
fecal electrolytes, osmolality, and pH
what does a pH <5.6 indicates (diarrhea)
sugar metabolism
what kind of diarrhea: Drugs, laxatives, inflammatory bowel disease/colitis, endocrine disorders, malignancy, collagen vascular disease
secretory
what kind of diarrhea increases water retention in large intestine
osmotic
impaired digestion of foods
maldigestion
impaired reabsorption
Malabsorption
what kind of diarrhea: Lactose intolerance, celiac sprue (malabsorption), amebiasis, giardiasis, antibiotics, laxatives, antacids
osmotic
what kind of diarrhea: Gastrectomy, gastric bypass, postvagotomy, duodenal ulcer, diabetes mellitus
altered motility
Steatorrhea
increase fat in stool
fat malabsorption
what compound is lacking in Steatorrhea
bile salts
what kind of diarrhea: Cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis, and malignancy decrease pancreatic enzymes for lipid breakdown
Steatorrhea
what does stool with Steatorrhea look like
pale, greasy, bulky, foul odor
how long are fecal samples taken
72 hours
what does Black tarry stool mean
Upper GI bleeding
what does Red stool mean
Lower GI bleeding
what does Ribbon like stools mean
bowel obstuction
what does a Mucus stool mean
Inflammation of intestinal wall
what does Clay-colored; pale poop mean
Bile-duct obstruction
what test is done to detect colorectal cancer
occult blood
what stain is used for fat in feces
sudan III
what test is ran for Fetal Hemoglobin
APT test
what does it mean if babies have blood in feces/vomit
swallowed maternal blood during delivery
apt test pink color supernatant remains =
alkali-resistant fetal Hgb
apt test yellow-brown color supernatant
maternal Hgb
Definitive test for steatorrhea
Quantitative Fecal Fat
what does the pt have it limit for Quantitative Fecal Fat test
fat
Common fecal testing on infants for disaccharidase deficiencies and lactose intolerance in adults
Fecal Carbohydrate Tests
Normal stool pH
7 to 8
Test distinguishes between carbohydrate reducing sugars-caused and bacterial/viral-caused diarrhea
Fecal Carbohydrate Tests
what does the Xylose test examin
Malabsorption
