Altele Flashcards

1
Q

Cele mai frecvente cauze BCR

A

Dz
HTA

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2
Q

Indicatii hemodializa in urgenta

A

A-acidoza met severa HCO3 sub 10
E-elecroliti k seric peste 7
I-ingestie toxice/medicamente ex etilenglicol
O-overload edempulmonar acut, pericardita
U uree peste 200

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3
Q

BCR cu rinichi mari ecografic:

A

Dz
Amiloidoza
Boala renala polichistica

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4
Q

Dg dif hematurie

A

•hb urie - sd hemolitic
•mb urie-rabdomioliza/sd de strivire
•bilirubin urie - icter mecanic
•urobilin urie
•URATI-hiperuricemie
•medicamente: rifa, aminofenazona (un ains antipiretic puternic+analgezic)

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5
Q

Cauze proteinurie tranzitorie

A

Stari febrile
Efort fizic intens
Ortostatism prelungit
Ic congestiva sau alte stari de reducere vol intravascular

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6
Q

Fosfatii precipita in mediu

A

Alcalin

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7
Q

Uratii precipita in mediu

A

Acid

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8
Q

Cauze muoglobinurie/rabdomioliza

A

Miozite
Distrofii musculare
Sd strivire

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9
Q

Nitritii prezenti in urina sugereaza

A

Infectie cu Gram neg care transforma nitratii in nitriti

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10
Q

Nitritii pot fi prezenti in urina si in absenta infectiei urinare in caz de..

A

Dieta hiperproteica

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11
Q

ITU pe sumarul de urina

A

Nitriti prezenti
Leucociturie fara cilindrii leucocitari
Esteraza leucocitara prezenta

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12
Q

Contraindicatii pt folosirea CKD EPI in estimarea RFG

A

IRA
BCR acutizata
Sarcina

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13
Q

Contraindicații punctie biposie renala

A

1.Sd nefrotic la copii inainte de pubertate (de ob leziunile sunt minime si raspund la corticoterapie)
2. Boli sistemice suspectate/ dovedite care asociaza modificari in sumar urina: LES, vasculuta
3. IRA de cauza necunoscuta (mai ales cand se suspicioneaza GNRP)
4. IRC cauza nec si rinichi mici ecografic (nefropatia cu IgA)
5. Rejet de grefa renala (suspiciune)

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14
Q

Contraindic absolute PBR

A

Diateza hemoragica de orice cauza, tt anticoagulant,
Tumora intrarenala
Rinichi unic

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15
Q

Cel mai precoce marker de afectare renala secundara HTA esentiala

A

Microalbuminuria

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16
Q

HTA esentiala produce

A

Nefro angio scleroza

17
Q

Serologia nefropatiei IgA

A

IgA crescut
CIC
fractiunea C3 a complementului - normala

18
Q

Serologia glomerulopatiei membranoase

A

Anticorpi anti R pt PLA 2

19
Q

Etiologie vs patogenie

A

Etiologie necunoscuta(idiopatic) =nu stim de ce, cauza
Patogenie=mecanismul prin care se produce boala
Nefropatia cu ig A-etiologie necunoscuta dar stim patogenia= mult igA in sange

20
Q

Cea mai frecventa cauza de sd nefrotic la copil

A

Nefropatia cu leziuni minime NLM

21
Q

Cea mai frecventa cauza de sd nefrotic la adult

A

Nefropatia membranoasa NM

22
Q

NM idiopatica 70% apar autoanticorpi

A

Ac anti R de PLA2

23
Q

NM secundara (30%) apar Ac ..

A

Anti tumorali, virali, impotriva medicamentelor etc in functie de patologia care a declansat NM

24
Q

GSFS la afroamericani

A

x 4 ori mai frecventa decat la caucazieni si cu corticorezistenta mai mare

25
Q

GSFS la afroamericani vs la caucazieni

A

La afroamericani- cauza nr 1 de sd nefrotic
La caucazieni cauza nr 2 de sd nefrotic

26
Q

ITU necomplicate sunt produse cel mai adesea de

A

E coli 70-95%
Staf saprophyticus 5-20%