Aldehydes and Ketones

Question 1

Characteristics ?

Answer 1

Presence of Carbonyl group

R –> Alkyl / Aryl group

Question 2

Carbonyl group ?

Answer 2

O = C

Question 3

Reactions ?

Answer 3

1. Condensation –> Imine with Ammonia
2. Addition
3. Formation of Hemiacetals and Hemiketals –> with Alk
4. Formation of Acetals and Ketals –> + Another Alk

Question 4

Aldehydes –> Oxidation Reaction?

Answer 4

NO (without breaking bond)

Question 5

Compounds ?

Answer 5

Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Chloral hydrate
Glyceraldehyde
Acetone
Acetophenone (Methyl Phenyl Ketone)

Question 6

Formaldehyde

Answer 6

Gas
Irritating odour
Starting material for Plastics
TOXIC 
Mutagen

Question 7

Formaldehyde Medicine

Answer 7

Formalin –> 40% Water + Methanol
Disinfection
Antisweating
Carcinogen

Question 8

Preserving effect in Formaldehyde?

Answer 8

Binding Proteinfree Amino Acids

Question 9

Acetaldehyde

Answer 9

Low boiling liquid
Rotten apple smell
Trimer –> Paraldehyde –> Hypnotic

Question 10

Chloral hydrate

Answer 10

Knock out drops, Inducing sleep

Question 11

Glyceraldehyde

Answer 11

Intermediate for Metabolism of sugar

Esters with Phosphoric acid

Question 12

Acetone

Answer 12

volatile
Flammable liquid
Solvent for Pains
low toxicity

Question 13

Acetone medicine

Answer 13

Fasting and Diabetes : Metabolic Product

Question 14

Acetophenone

Answer 14

Methyl Phenyl Ketone
Starting material for organic synthesis
Tear gas
Derivative: Chloroacetophenone