AEDs Flashcards

1
Q

carbamazepine S/E?

A

can cause hyponatraemia (through SIADH)

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2
Q

Tx of generalised/absence/myoclonic/tonic seizures?

A

valproate

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3
Q

Tx of focal seizures?

A

carbamazepine/lamotrigine

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4
Q

are AEDs okay in pregnant women?

A

all teratogenic to some degree
but weigh up pros/cons
valproate most teratogenic

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5
Q

what to prescribe alongside valproate?

A

Vit D

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6
Q

if can’t Tx absence seizures with valproate, what is second line?

A

ethosuximide

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7
Q

what to monitor in valproate?

A

liver function

vALTproate

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8
Q

if someone is having a seizure? (3)

A

(1) ensure patent airway
(2) put in recovery position
(3) check for provoking factors (e.g. plasma glucose, electrolytes, drugs and sepsis)

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9
Q

define status epilepticus?

A

seizure lasting >30 mins

but intervene after 5 mins

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10
Q

how long to wait to Tx a seizure?

A

5 mins

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11
Q

Tx status epilepticus?

A

ABC, recovery position with O2, secure airway
IV lorazepam 4mg IV (or rectal diazepam/ buccal midazolam)
repeat after 10 mins if still fitting
(NEVER have someone fitting for >20mins w/t anaesthetist present)
IV phenytoin infusion
intubate then propofol

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12
Q

lamotrigine S/E?

A

RASH

rarely Stevens–Johnson syndrome

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13
Q

carbamazepine S/E?

A
rash
dysarthria
ataxia
nystagmus
⇓Na
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14
Q

Phenytoin S/E?

A

Ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, gum hyperplasia, hepatotoxicity

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15
Q

Sodium valproate S/E? (3 Ts)

A

Tremor, teratogenicity, tubby (weight gain)

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16
Q

what (according to Pass the PSA) has best safety profile in pregnancy of all antiepileptic drugs?

A

lamotrigine