ACT Science Flashcards
What does the frequency of a wave measure and what is the common unit used to measure frequency?
The frequency of a wave can be defined as the number of waves that pass a point in one second. The unit for frequency is Hz, or Hertz. Hz can be translated to mean 1/s or the number of times a wave repeats itself in 1 second. Examples of waves with high frequencies include gamma rays and x-rays; waves with low frequencies include radio waves and microwaves. Frequency has an inverse relationship with wavelength. For sound, frequency is related to pitch so lower frequency sounds are perceived as lower pitch notes.
What is the wavelength of a wave and what units are used to measure wavelength generally?
The wavelength of a wave is the distance from one peak to an adjacent peak or one trough to the next. Wavelength is commonly measured in meters (m) or nanometers (nm). Wavelength has an inverse relationship with frequency. Light waves with a wavelength between 400 nm and 700 nm can be seen by the human and are called visible light. Different wavelengths of light in that range correspond to different colors. Earthquakes, sound, and water waves have wavelengths ranging from centimeters to kilometers.
How does the motion of gas particles cause pressure inside a closed container?
The faster the gas particles move, the more pressure in the container.
What is electromagnetic radiation?
Energy that passes through space without a physical medium
What are the 2 types of potential energy?
Chemical PE: energy in stored bonds
Gravitational PE” energy stored relative to position
WHat are phase changes? Give examples (the ones I don’t know as well)
Condensation: Gas to liquid
Sublimation: Solid to Gas
Deposition: Gas to solid
What is a buffer?
-resists changes to pH
a weak acid or base with a salt compound
What is an extensive property
property of matter that depends on the amount of matter present in the object
e.g. mass and volume
what is an intensive property
a property that does not depend on the amount of matter
e.g. boiling point, reactivity and density
How do you make up a species name?
1st word: genus species belong to
2nd word: species name inside the gens
How is a current measured in a circuit
through amperes (amps)
How is a voltage of a circuit measured?
a voltometer must be connected in parallel with the portions of the circuit being investigated
what are greenhouse gases?
trap heat
what are lens in regards to lens?
refracts light
convex” thicker middle and thinner sides
concave” thinner in middle and thicker sides
sedimentary rock
forms from the compaction of partccles
