Acid-Base

Question 1

What are normal pH levels?

Answer 1

7.35-7.45

Question 2

what are normal PO2 levels?

Answer 2

80-100 mmHg

Question 3

What are normal PCO2 levels?

Answer 3

35-45 mmHg

Question 4

What are normal HCO3 levels?

Answer 4

22-26

Question 5

pH less than 7.35 (excess CO2) is caused by:

Answer 5

HYPOVENTILATION = Hypercapnia

Question 6

pH greater than 7.45 (not enough CO2) is caused by:

Answer 6

HYPERVENTILATION = hypocapnia

Question 7

How do you differentiate between respiratory or metabolic disorders if acidotic?

Answer 7

Metabolic - HCO3 < 22

Respiratory - PCO2 >45

Question 8

If the pH is >7.45, it is alkalotic. If PCO2 is 33 mmHg and HCO3 is 22. Is this respiratory or metabolic?

Answer 8

RESPIRATORY, CO2 is too high

Question 9

Anion gap is highly suggestive of:

Answer 9

metabolic acidosis

Question 10

Acute respiratory failure is associated with:

Answer 10

severe acidosis

Question 11

Chronic respiratory acidosis is generally seen in patients with:

Answer 11

underlying lung disease, such as COPD

Question 12

The most common cause of respiratory alkalosis:

Answer 12

Hyperventilation syndrome

Question 13

What is bicarb and what does it do?

Answer 13

Dissolved CO2 is almost exclusively in the form of HCO3-. Therefore, the CO2 blood test is really a measure of your blood bicarbonate level. Kidneys excrete or retain bicarb to maintain pH