ABSITE Review - Pituitary

Question 1

What is secreted by the posterior pituitary?

Answer 1

Neurohypophysis secretes ADH (supraoptic nuclei) and Oxytocin (paraventricular nuclei)

Question 2

What is secreted by the anterior pituitary?

Answer 2

FLAT PiG - FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, Prolactin, GH

Question 3

T/F: The anterior pituitary does not have its own direct blood supply.

Answer 3

TRUE; because it passes through the neurohypophysis 1st

Question 4

What can cause bitemporal hemianopia?

Answer 4

Pituitary mass compressing optic nerve (CN II) at chiasm

Question 5

Mention some contraindications to transphenoidal resection.

Answer 5

Suprasellar extension, massive lateral extension, dumbbell-shaped tumor

Question 6

What is the MC pituitary adenoma?

Answer 6

Prolactinoma

Question 7

What are some symptoms of prolactinoma?

Answer 7

galactorrhea, irregular menses, decrease libido, infertility, decrease vision

Question 8

What is the treatment for prolactinoma?

Answer 8

Bromocriptine

Question 9

What are some symptoms of acromegaly?

Answer 9

HTN, DM, gigantism

Question 10

How is acromegaly diagnosed?

Answer 10

elevated IGF-1, GH >5-10

Question 11

What is Sheehan’s syndrome? What is the 1st sign?

Answer 11

Due to ischemia following hemorrhage and hypotensive episode

1st sign - Postpartum trouble lactating

Question 12

What is the origin of a craniopharyngioma?

Answer 12

Remnants of Rathke’s pouch

Question 13

What is Nelson’s syndrome?

Answer 13

Occurs after bilateral adrenalectomy; increase CRH causes pituitary enlargement, resulting in amenorrhea, visual problems. Also get hyperpigmentation from beta-MSH, a byproduct of ACTH

Question 14

What is Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome?

Answer 14

Adrenal gland hemorrhage that occurs after meningococcal sepsis infection; can lead to adrenal insufficiency.