A.3 NEOPLASMUL ESOFAGIAN Flashcards

1
Q

Procentul ocupat de C.e din toate canderele digestive este:

A

-15%.

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2
Q

Prevalenta C.e:

A

Mai frecv. Int la BARBATI (3:1);

- varsta de aparitie : 60-65 de ani.

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3
Q

Fact fav certi in aparitia C.E:

A
  • fumat;
  • cons de alcool;
  • fact ALIMENTARI: deficit de PROTEINE, carente de vit. A, B, C, EXCES DE NITROZAMINE ( in conserve).
  • alte conditii: cons de BAUTURI FIERBINTI, expunere la Rad. IONIZANTE, ag. Infect. PAPILOMA VIR. , fact genetici
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4
Q

Urmatoarele sunt STARI PATOLOGICE predispozante pentru C.e:

A
  • stenozele esofag. Post caustice, peptice, organice;
  • cancere din sfera ORL;
  • megaesofagul;
  • diverticulii esofagieni
  • esofagul BARRETT.
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5
Q

Dpdv. AL LOCALIZ si MORFOLOGIC, avem

A
  • c.m. frecv. Localiz in 1/3 inf ( 50%);
  • MACROSCOPIC : LEZ. ULCERO VEGENTANTA;
  • MICROSCOPIC: carcinom EPIDERMOID (90%), RARE ADENOAME, LIMFOAME, SARCOAME.
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6
Q

Tabloul clinic al CE cuprinde :

A
  • disfagie;
  • disfonie( inglob. Nv. Lg recurent)
  • odinofag;
  • durere retrosternala;
  • regurgitatii;
  • scadere ponderala.
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7
Q

Diagnosticul CE se pune cu ajutorul:

A

-endoscopiei;
-radiologiei: bariu pasaj;
-ECO ENDOSC;
-CT.
Ultimele 2 sunt folosite pt. Stadializare PREOPERATORIE ( EXTENSIE LOCALA, ADENOPATII, METAST LA DISTANTA).

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8
Q

Evolutia CE si prognostic:

A
  • rapida;

- progn prost suprav la 5 ani -> 5%.

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9
Q

Complicatiile care inrautatesc PG BOLII SUNT:

A
  • fistule eso traheale;
  • anemia data de hemoragii;
  • pneumonia de aspiratie;
  • perforatii;
  • denutritie severa datorita SIMPTOMELOR ALARMANTE.
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10
Q

TRATAMENTUL C.E:

A
  • chirurgical -ESOFAGECTOMIA, de ELECTIE +:
  • RADIOTP - met paleativa;
  • CHIMIOTP- met paleativa: 5 florouracil, BLEOMICINA, CISPLATINA.
  • ENDOSCOPIC:
    - -> MUCOSECTOMIA : in cancerele incipiente localizate la nivelul MUCOASEI; se inject. S.F. + ADR SUBMUCOS pt. A eleva MUCOASA, iar excizia sa fie cat mai bine facuta.
    - -> PROTEZARE ENDOSCOPICA: met paleativa ce CRESTE CALITATEA VIETII si pt TRATAREA DISFAGIEI. PROTEZAREA SE FACE POST DILATARE ENDOSCOPICA; concomitent se face CHIMIO SI RADIOTP.
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