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COMPTIA A+ > A+ Ytube > Flashcards

A+ Ytube Flashcards

1
Q

DIMM is another term for

A

RAM

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2
Q

PCI/PCIE is another term for

A

GPU

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3
Q

RTC Coin cell is another term for

A

CMOS battery

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4
Q

PATA/IDE are

A

Legacy ports used for optical drives

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5
Q

How many SATA ports are average

A

2-4 average 6 if fancy

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6
Q

What are the 3 serial cables

A

RS232,DB-9, COM

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7
Q

What are passive cables

A

Cables with 2 different ends.
Ex. Serial end connecting to laptop and the console end connecting to system

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8
Q

What are active cables

A

Cables that translates different interface types

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9
Q

Oldest to newest cables

A
  1. VGA
  2. DVI
  3. HDMI
  4. DisplayPort
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10
Q

What is low line PSU voltage

A

100-172

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11
Q

What is high line PSU voltage

A

220-240

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12
Q

What are the 2 pin types for P1 connectors

A

20-pins and 24-pins

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13
Q

Near what do you connect the P4 connector

A

CPU

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14
Q

RAID 0

A
  1. Striping
  2. Speed
  3. No redundancy/ fault tolerance
  4. Requires 2 hard drives
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15
Q

RAID 1

A
  1. Mirroring
  2. Slower than RAID 0
  3. Fault tolerance
  4. Requires 2 or more hard drives
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16
Q

RAID 5

A
  1. Bit Parity
  2. As fast as RAID 0
  3. Fault tolerance like RAID 1
  4. Minimum of 3 hard drives required
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17
Q

What is ECC good for

A

Preventing BSOD and typically used in server rooms

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18
Q

What is zero insertion force (ZFI) CPU’s

A

Requires only turning the CPU clockwise to align preventing possible damage

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19
Q

What is a land grid array (LGA) CPU?

A

When the pins are on the motherboard (INTEL)

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20
Q

What is a pin grid array (PGA) CPU?

A

When the pins are located on the CPU (AMD)

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21
Q

What is step 1 of troubleshooting

A

Identify the problem

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22
Q

What is step 2 of troubleshooting

A

Establish a theory

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23
Q

What is step 3 of troubleshooting

A

Test the theory

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24
Q

What is step 4 of troubleshooting

A

Establish an action plan

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25
Q

What is step 5 of troubleshooting

A

Verify full system functionality

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26
Q

What is step 6 of troubleshooting

A

Document findings

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27
Q

What is POST?

A

Power-on self-testing

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28
Q

6 possible reasons for blackscreen?

A
  1. Failed firmware update
  2. Faulty cable
  3. Faulty connector
  4. Faulty device
  5. Faulty PSU
  6. Faulty CPU
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29
Q

How to identify beep codes?

A

Check the motherboard brand and look up beep codes

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30
Q

What are 5 things that can be used as the boot device?

A
  1. Hard drive
  2. Memory drive
  3. USB
  4. DVD
  5. Over the network
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31
Q

What are 3 reasons for a boot issue?

A
  1. Failed boot sequence
  2. Failed power connector
  3. Failed data connector
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32
Q

What can be the reason for a damaged boot sector

A

Damage to boot/partition records

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33
Q

What are 3 reason for OS crashes and errors?

A
  1. OS Failure
  2. Hardware Failure
  3. Driver Failure
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34
Q

What can be the reason for “No boot device found”?

A

An issue with the main hard drive

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35
Q

What can be the reason for a BSOD/Memory dump/Stop error?

A
  1. Ram failed
  2. Hard drive failed
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36
Q

What are 4 reasons for intermitted shutdown/ application crashes?

A
  1. Faulty Hardware
  2. Faulty Software
  3. Faulty Drivers
  4. Updates
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37
Q

What can you do to fix overheating and burning smells?

A
  1. Clean with compressed air
  2. Verify airflow
  3. Check the thermal paste
  4. Ensure the fans are not blocked
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38
Q

What are 2 symptoms of overheating?

A
  1. Burning smell
  2. CPU throttling
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39
Q

What is considered physical damage?

A
  1. Bent pins
  2. Damaged cables
  3. Damaged connectors
  4. Damaged component adapter seating
  5. Capacitor swelling
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40
Q

What is the CMOS battery for?

A
  1. Keeps track of time
  2. Keeps track of the boot order sequence
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41
Q

Where do you connect a NIC on a desktop?

A

An expansion slot

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42
Q

What is a network hub?

A

Used to send signals to multiple devices

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43
Q

What are the negative features of a Wi-Fi hub?

A
  1. Sends signals out of all ports
  2. Slower overall performance with each device connected
  3. Half- duplex 10/100 Mbps
  4. Ethernet only
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44
Q

What is a network switch?

A

Forwards traffic to a specific destination using the recievers MAC address

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45
Q

Why is a network switch better than a network hub?

A

Allows each port to operate full speed at full-duplex

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46
Q

What is an unmanaged switch?

A
  1. A switch with no configuration
  2. Cheaper than a managed switch
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47
Q

What is a managed switch?

A
  1. A switch that has to be configured
  2. More expensive than a managed switch
  3. Has a web or command line interface
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48
Q

What is PoE and what devices use it?

A
  1. Sends power over an ethernet cable
  2. APs and VoIP phones
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49
Q

What is a UTP?

A
  1. A unshielded twisted pair of wire
  2. Has 4 twisted pairs of wires to prevent interference
  3. Max rage of 100 meters
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50
Q

What is a STP?

A
  1. A shielded twisted pair of wire
  2. Either 1 outer foil around all pairs or has 1 outer foil and 4 smaller foils around each pair
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51
Q

What is a CAT 5’s highest speed?

A

100 Mbps

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52
Q

What is a CAT 5e’s highest speed?

A

1 Gbps

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53
Q

What is a CAT 6’s highest speed?

A

1 Gbps but more range than a 5e

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54
Q

What is a CAT 6a’s highest speed?

A

10 Gbps

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55
Q

What does POTS stand for?

A

Plain old telephone

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56
Q

What is an RJ11?

A

Telephone cable (POTS)

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57
Q

What is a crimper used for?

A

To cut and install new heads on cables

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58
Q

What is a punchdown tool used for?

A

To lock cables into a patch panel or into a wall box

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59
Q

What is a toner probe used for?

A

Identifying cables

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60
Q

What is a single-mode fiber cable used for?

A
  1. Long distances
  2. Can be used outside
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61
Q

What is a multi-mode fiber cable used for?

A
  1. Short distance
  2. Used indoors
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62
Q

What is the coaxial cable connector called?

A

F- Connector

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63
Q

What Wi-Fi standard does an AP use?

A

IEEE 802.11

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64
Q

What devices is 802.11a typically used for and what at what speed?

A
  1. Routers and APs
  2. 5GHz/54 Mbps
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65
Q

What is 802.11b typically used for and what is it’s speeds?

A
  1. Bluetooth
  2. 2.4GHz/11 Mbps
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66
Q

What is 802.11g typically used for and what is it’s speeds?

A
  1. Routers and APs (MOST USED 802.11 standard)
  2. 2.4 GHz/54 Mbps
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67
Q

What is 802.11n typically used for and what is it’s speeds?

A
  1. Long range communication
  2. 2.4 GHz or 5GHz/ All Mbps- Increases by 150 Mbps per channel
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68
Q

What disrupts 2.4 GHz channels?

A
  1. Microwaves
  2. Landline cordless phones
  3. Baby monitors
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69
Q

How and what is an AP used for?

A
  1. Extending an existing network
  2. Plug a network cable into the back
  3. Bridging a wired network through a switch
  4. Interconnecting wireless clients
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70
Q

What does the .11 in 802.11 mean?

A

Its wireless

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71
Q

How many bits are in an IPV4 IP?

A

32 bits

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72
Q

How many Octets are in an IPV4 IP?

A

4 octets

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73
Q

What is a public IP?

A

An IP that is routable across the internet.

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74
Q

What is a private IP?

A

An IP that is restricted to a local network.

75
Q

What are characteristics of a Class C IP?

A
  1. 192.168.0.0
  2. /24
  3. Subnet- 255.255.255.0
76
Q

What are characteristics of a Class B IP?

A
  1. 172.16.0.0
  2. /16
  3. Subnet- 255.255.0.0
77
Q

What are characteristics of a Class A IP?

A
  1. 10.0.0.0
  2. /8
  3. Subnet- 255.0.0.0
78
Q

What is the IP for APIPA?

A
  1. 169.254.X.X
79
Q

What is an APIPA IP?

A
  1. It is a device that is not able to get an IP address through the DHCP.
  2. Since the device does not have an IP address it is unable to connect to the Internet.
  3. Only when it is able to get an available IP will the device be able to connect to the Internet.
80
Q

What is a subnet mask?

A

Used to differentiate the network portion and the host portion.

81
Q

What is a Static/Fixed/Manual IP address?

A

It is an address that will never change unless someone manually changes it.

82
Q

What is a Dynamic IP address?

A
  1. An automatic IP because of DHCP.
83
Q

What does DHCP stand for?

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

84
Q

What devices typically get a dynamic IP/ utilizes DHCP?

85
Q

What is a DHCP Scope?

A
  1. It is the range of IP addresses that you try to get.
  2. Start to end.
86
Q

What is a DHCP Lease?

A

History/logging of DHCP IPs.

87
Q

What is a DHCP Reservation?

A

Reserved IPs for reserved devices.

88
Q

What is a DHCP Exclusion?

A

Blocked IPs.

89
Q

What does DNS do?

A
  1. Converts names to IPs and IPs to names.
  2. Like a phonebook/GPS.
90
Q

What is the command to remove the DNS cache?

A
  1. Command Prompt
  2. ipconfig/flushdns
91
Q

What type of switch is typically used to set up a VLAN?

A

A managed switch

92
Q

What steps do you take to configure a managed switch?

A
  1. Open a browser page
  2. Type in the switch IP
  3. Login to the device
  4. Configure
93
Q

By default, what VLAN channel are you on with an unmanaged switch?

94
Q

What is a VPN used for?

A

Encrypted tunnels to a private network.

95
Q

What is a web server used for?

A

Managing websites and web applications.

96
Q

What does HTTP stand for?

A

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

97
Q

What is port 80?

98
Q

What is port 443?

99
Q

What port is POP3?

100
Q

What port is IMAP?

101
Q

what port is SMTP?

A

Legacy- 25
Updated- 587

102
Q

What is authentication?

A
  1. Something you have
  2. Something you know
  3. Something you are
  4. Somewhere you are
  5. Something you are doing
  6. Pin
  7. Bank info
103
Q

What is authorization?

A
  1. Checking the level of access/privilege you have
104
Q

What is accounting?

A

Keeping track/log of everything

106
Q

What is PuTTY used for?

A

Used to remotely access a terminal server.

107
Q

What is Telnet used for?

A

Used to remotely access a terminal server but it is unsecure.

108
Q

What port is Telnet on?

109
Q

What is SSH?

A

A secure remote terminal emulation.

110
Q

What port is SSH on?

111
Q

What is port is RDP on?

112
Q

What is RDP?

A

GUI-based host access and control.

113
Q

What is a proxy server used for?

A
  1. Managing user access from a local network to internet/websites
  2. Content filtering
  3. Time restrictions
114
Q

What is a firewall used for?

A
  1. Block websites
  2. Block spam
115
Q

What is an IDS and what is it used for?

A
  1. Intrusion detection system
  2. Tracks weird/out of the ordinary behavior
117
Q

What is a spam gateway?

A

On-premise software solution for filtering emails.

118
Q

What is a content filter?

A
  1. Like a proxy server
  2. Can block or allow websites at a certain time
119
Q

What is a DLP?

A

Data leak/loss prevention system

120
Q

What is UTM?

A
  1. Unified Threat Management
  2. Basically a firewall
121
Q

What is a legacy system?

A
  1. Vendor is longer active
  2. Product is no longer supported
  3. End of life for a system
122
Q

What is a risk of using legacy systems?

A

Unpatched vulnerabilities

123
Q

What are parts of IoT?

A
  1. Smart Speaker
  2. Smartphone app
  3. Smart lights
  4. Smart curtains
  5. Smart Fridges
  6. Smart TVs
125
Q

What are the three proper steps to troubleshoot a wireless issue?

A
  1. Verify configuration and make sure it is supported
  2. Check frequency strength- ensure its not flapping
  3. Check to see if there is another wireless channel on same frequency to make sure there is no interference
126
Q

What are the three proper steps to troubleshoot limited connectivity

A
  1. Check notification in OS- improper IP- Static vs Dynamic
  2. Establish the scope of the issue- 1 device or more?
  3. Verify local network host- ensure they are connected to the right switch- ensure the switch port is configured with the correct virtual LAN.
127
Q

What is a hypervisor?

A

Software used to create and run Virtual Machines (VMs)

128
Q

What is a hyperV?

A

Microsoft’s version of Virtual Machines (VMs)

129
Q

What do you need to worry about when setting up a VM?

A
  1. Resource allocation
  2. Emulation
  3. Guest O/S
130
Q

What can you use a VM for on the client side?

A
  1. Sandboxes
  2. Legacy apps/OS
  3. Testing software across platforms
  4. Training
131
Q

What can you use a VM for on the server side?

A
  1. Better hardware utilization and flexibility
132
Q

What can you use a VM for on an application for?

A
  1. Installing software to a server and to stream to clients
133
Q

What is container virtualization?

A

Looks just like a VM but it does not have its own OS.

134
Q

What do you need to keep in mind when running a VM?

A
  1. Ensure the CPU supports it
  2. Ensure OS supports
  3. Ensure it has a lot of RAM
  4. Ensure it has a lot of storage
  5. Ensure it has a good network connection
135
Q

What are the VM security requirements?

A
  1. Guest OS security- updates/anti-malware
  2. Host security- ensure hardware doesn’t fail
  3. Hypervisor security- manage patches- ensure updated- isolate hosts from guests and guests from other guests
136
Q

What is the Cloud?

A

Data on another property- 3rd party keeping data for you

137
Q

What is a private cloud?

A

Your own company’s cloud

138
Q

What is a hybrid cloud?

A

Half on your server and half on another company’s server

139
Q

What is a public cloud?

A

100% of data on someone else property.

140
Q

What is an example of IaaS?

A

Using a VM on Microsoft Azure

141
Q

What is an example of PaaS?

A

Using AD on Azure

142
Q

What is an exmple of SaaS?

A

Using Office365 web version (M365 E1)

143
Q

What is the difference between cloud and on-premise?

A
  1. Cloud more reliable- cheaper
  2. On premise is not as reliable- more expensive
144
Q

What are cloud characteristics?

A
  1. Metered utilization
  2. High availability- 99% uptime
  3. Scalability- flexible- can upgrade or degrade quickly
  4. Rapid elasticity- can use a lot or a little based of what you need
  5. Shared resources
145
Q

What is a digitizer?

A
  1. First layer of a mobile devices screen
  2. The screen that registers your touch
146
Q

What is a gyroscope?

A
  1. Detects what direction the phone is so it can rotate
147
Q

What is tethering?

A
  1. Connecting a device to another device for internet
  2. Hotspot
148
Q

What is MDM?

A

Mobile device management

149
Q

What is MDM used for?

A
  1. Authentication policies
  2. Compliance policies
  3. Control device features
  4. Remote device reset/wipe
150
Q

What is a SODIMM?

A

Laptop RAM

151
Q

What is the size difference between a SODIMM and desktop RAM?

A

SODIMM is 2/3s the size

152
Q

What is the steps for liquid damage of devices?

A
  1. Turn it off
  2. Open the device as much as possible to let it dry
  3. Leave it sitting for 2-7 days in rice
153
Q

What to do if laptop screen isn’t working?

A

Use an external screen to see if broken

154
Q

How does a digitizer sense your finger?

A

Heat from your finger

155
Q

What do you need to pay attention to before buying a printer?

A
  1. Speed
  2. Resolution
  3. Paper handling
  4. Finishing options
156
Q

What is PPM for printers?

A

Pages per minute

157
Q

What do you need to keep in mind when setting up a printer?

A
  1. Ensure the cable and power reaches
  2. Ensure the environment is good, make sure it can be noisy.
  3. Access and security consideration
158
Q

What are the 3 ways you can set up a printer?

A
  1. USB- ensure there is a cable with printer
  2. Ethernet cable
  3. Wireless
159
Q

What 7 things can you configure in printer preference?

A
  1. Size
  2. Quality
  3. Source
  4. Type of paper
  5. Ink options
  6. Duplexing
  7. Orientation
160
Q

What is a printer server?

A

Printer is attached to network and clients connect directly

161
Q

What is printer sharing?

A
  1. Printer is attached to a PC host and managed by the PC host
  2. Print queue is managed by the PC host
  3. Host can share printer using the name/IP address
162
Q

How do you share your printer?

A
  1. Control panel
  2. Printer properties
  3. Sharing- enable
  4. Guest connects to printer
163
Q

What are three printer securities?

A
  1. User authentication- Pin/Password
  2. Secured print- Badging
  3. Audit log- history of print jobs
164
Q

What three things do you need to maintain in a laser printer?

A
  1. Toner- cartridge- seals
  2. Media types
  3. Storage
165
Q

What ink does a inkjet printer use?

A
  1. Liquid ink- reusable cartridge
  2. Works 3-4 times
166
Q

What do you need to keep in mind when changing toner cartridge for a laser printer?

A
  1. Packing strips
  2. Recycling
167
Q

How do you clean a laser printer?

A
  1. Clean using cloth
  2. Clean using alcohol
  3. Check rollers
168
Q

How does a laser printer work?

A
  1. Printer lays out toner (powder) onto paper
  2. Printer heats up powder and paper absorbs
169
Q

What maintenance features does an inkjet printer have?

A
  1. Nozzle check
  2. Head cleaning
  3. Print head alignment
  4. Ink cartridge replacement
  5. Paper guide cleaning
170
Q

How does a thermal printer work?

A
  1. Heats up wax ink
  2. Paper absorbs ink
171
Q

How to clean thermal printer?

A
  1. Replace paper roll
  2. Clean near paper roll
172
Q

How does an impact printer work?

A
  1. Gears push paper with holes
  2. Tear paper off printer
  3. Uses ribbon paper
173
Q

What are printer connectivity troubleshooting steps for when a printer is not printing?

A
  1. Verify power and status on control panel
  2. Check removable components- cartridges and service panel
  3. Try printing a test page
  4. Power cycle printer
  5. Inspect cables and connectors
174
Q

What are four printer feed troubleshooting steps?

A
  1. Identify the paper jam location-release paper
  2. Check for improper page sizes
  3. Check rollers
  4. Reset cartridge and rollers
175
Q

What troubleshooting steps should you take for faded print?

A

Replace toner cartridge

176
Q

What troubleshooting steps should you take for blank pages?

A
  1. Application/driver issue
  2. Ensure the packing seals are not left on the cartridge
177
Q

What troubleshooting steps should you take for white stripes down the page?

A
  1. Check the toner distribution
  2. Replace the transfer roller
178
Q

What troubleshooting steps should you take for black strips or a whole black page?

A
  1. Check power supply
  2. Check toner cartridge
179
Q

What troubleshooting steps should you take for speckling on pages?

A

Clean inside the printer

180
Q

What printer troubleshooting steps should you take if there are horizontal or vertical lines on a page?

A

Clean or replace feed rollers

181
Q

What printer troubleshooting steps should you take if there is no toner fused to the paper?

A

Replace fuser unit

182
Q

What printer troubleshooting steps should you take if there is ghost/echo images on a page?

A

Replace the imaging drum

183
Q

What printer troubleshooting steps should you take if there is missing color on a page?

A
  1. Check to make sure youre not missing a cartridge
  2. Ensure the cartridge is registered

COMPTIA A+ (3 decks)

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