A & P II Final - Sheet1 (1) Flashcards
endocrine system
what is a hormone?
a mediator molecule that is released in 1 part of the body
endocrine system
what is a hormone’s functions?
regulates activity of cells in other parts of the body they are released into blood to circulate in body until they get to a target cell
endocrine system
How does the nervous system operate
It sends nerve impulses by neurotransmitter
endocrine system
How does the endocrine system operate
It releases hormones from 1 place of the body to a target organ/cell
endocrine system
What is permissive effect
1 hormone can only work if another one is there. E.X reproductive hormones need thyroid hormone to have effect
endocrine system
What synergistic effect
There are multiple same hormones producing the same effect on the target cell,making it amplified . E.X- glucagon and epinephrine both cause liver to release glucose
endocrine system
What is Antagonistic effect
when 1 hormone cancels out the other hormone.E.X - insulin and glucagon
endocrine system
What cells of the pancreas produce insulin
Beta cells
endocrine system
Which cells of the pancreas produce glucagon
Alpha cells
endocrine system
How does insulin lower blood glucose levels
pancreas produces insulin
insulin tells liver to make glycogen
Glycogen is released to lower levels
endocrine system
What is insulin activity of type 1 diabetes?
hypo secretion of insulin (too little insulin produces) and genetics
endocrine system
What is the insulin activity of type II diabetes?
hypo activity of insulin (a lot of insulin but not working) and is based on lifestyle choices
endocrine system
Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that travel through the blood and regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ________.
A.) Hormones
B.) Antibodies
C.) proteins
D.) Enzymes
A.) Hormones
endocrine system
True or False: Autocrine hormones are local hormones which act on neighboring cells/tissues.
TRUE
endocrine system
The ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on ________.
A.)The membrane potential of the cells of the target organ
B.)Nothing—all hormones of the human body are able to stimulate any and all cell types because hormones are powerful and nonspecific
C.)The presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the target tissue or organ
D.)The location of the tissue or organ with respect to the circulatory path
C.) The presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the target tissue or organ
