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Science 8 Cards > 8D: Mechanical Systems > Flashcards

8D: Mechanical Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

<p>what is an inclined plane used for?</p>

A

<p>a inclined plane is used for lifting heavy objects up and down.</p>

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2
Q

<p>what is a wedge used for?</p>

A

<p>a wedge is used for pushing objects apart.</p>

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3
Q

<p>what is a pulley used for?</p>

A

<p>a pulley is used for pulling heavy objects up and down.</p>

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4
Q

<p>what is a wheel and axle for?</p>

A

<p>a wheel and axle is a simple machine that helps us because if you want to open a door then a door knob is a wheel and axle .</p>

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5
Q

<p>what makes a lever go up and down?</p>

A

<p>what makes levers go up and down like a teeter totter is an object in the middle of the lever then who ever stands or touches it the lever goes one way and then the other way.</p>

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6
Q

<p>why wegdes split objects in half?</p>

A

<p>as you force the wedge down it pushes sideways to split an object.</p>

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7
Q

<p>is a nut cracker a simple machine?</p>

A

<p>yes a nut cracker is a simple machine a nut cracker is a lever it breaks the nut open.</p>

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8
Q

<p>are mill wheels simple machines?(waterwheel)</p>

A

<p>yes a mill wheel is a simple machine its a wheel and axle.</p>

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9
Q

<p>how many simple machines are there?</p>

A

<p>there are 6 different simple machines that help us at our work.</p>

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10
Q

What is input force?

A

force applied to perform work

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11
Q

Simple machine

A

a tool or device made up of one basic machine

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12
Q

Output force

A

what a machine does in return for input

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13
Q

What is meant by the term efficiency? (With regards to mechanical systems)

A

Efficiency is the measurement of how effectively a machine uses energy. It is directly correlated to mechanical advantage and speed ratio.

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14
Q

What type of simple machine is a pair of scissors?

A

Scissors are classified as levers because of the way the move when cutting.

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15
Q

Using the formula MA = output force/input force, what is the mechanical advantage of pulley with an input of 45 N and an output of 180 N?

A

The mechanical advantage is 4: 180/45 = 4

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16
Q

A screws shape has an inclined plane. True or false?

A

True: the spiral grooves in a screw are considered inclined planes.

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17
Q

Efficiency explains how fast/slow an object moves across a certain distance. True or false.

A

False. Efficiency is a measurement of how well a machine/device uses energy. Speed ratio, on the other hand, explains how fast/slow an object moves across a certain distance.

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18
Q

Is it good to have a machine with a mechanical advantage of 1?

A

No, it is not good to have a machine with a mechanical advantage of 1 because it doesn’t make your work any easier. It just means you are doing the same amount of work if you didn’t use the machine.

19
Q

What is the difference between a complex machine and a simple machine?

A

A simple machine is one machine that makes work easier, while a complex machine is is made of multiple devices.

20
Q

A pulley has a mechanical advantage of 3 and an input of 88 N. What is the pulleys output?

A

The output of the machine is 264 N.

21
Q

Mike was playing on the playground and he saw many machines like slides and seesaws. What type of simple machines did Mike see?

A

A slide is an example of an inclined plane. Twirly slides can also be considered screws. A seesaw is one of the most basic examples of a lever.

22
Q

Bob is trying to move a large rock into his van, (don’t ask why, he’ll just get mad). He is not sure if he should lift it on his own. Would it be more efficient to lift it himself or use an inclined plane?

A

It would be much more efficient to use an inclined plane to get the rock into the van because it will lighter the amount of work Bob has to exert.

23
Q

A knife is not considered a wedge because it is smooth. True or false?

A

False. A knife is a wedge because it has a small edge and is used to seperate objects using force.

24
Q

What common unit of transportation, had a mechanical advantage less than 1, but is still useful?

A

A bike has a mechanical advantage less than 1 because it has a large input force and a small output force.

25
Q

Why can friction be a negative force when moving objects?

A

Friction can be a negative force bcuse it opposes motion. This means that is slowly the object you are moving and makes it harder for you to finish your task.

26
Q

Bicycles, pencil sharpeners and door handles are all examples of: A) simple machines b) complex machines c) mechanical work devices

A

The correct answer is b) complex machines. This is because they are made of multiple simple machines.

27
Q

Why may a machine have a mechanical advantage lower than 1?

A

A machine may have a mechanical advantage lower than one because it does not make your work easier. It makes it much harder.

28
Q

Using the formula work = distance x force, solve the following equation: Bob moved a camera 1.5 m using 20 N. What is the work of his task?

A

This task took 30 joules of work.

29
Q

What are the simple machines?

A

Lever, Pulley, Wheel and Axle, Screw, Inclined plane, and Wedge.

30
Q

What two simple machines are in a hole puncher?

A

In a hole puncher there is a wedge and a lever.

31
Q

What is a Lever and what is it used for?

A

A stiff, solid bar sitting atop a resting point. It is used for moving heavy loads.

32
Q

What is a Pulley and what is it used for?

A

A wheel with a rim around it on each side which a rope passes through. It is used to lift heavy objects.

33
Q

What is a Wedge and what is it used for?

A

A triangle made of a rigid material. You can drive it in between two objects to secure or split the object.

34
Q

What is a Wheel and Axle and what is it used for?

A

It is a wheel with a cylindrical tube going through the center. Also able to lift heavy objects with it.

35
Q

What is a Screw and what is it used for?

A

It is a thin cylinder with a sharp end. An inclined plane wraps around the tube. Used to hold two objects together.

36
Q

What is an Inclined Plane and what is it used for?

A

An inclined plane is a rigid board that is leaned on another object to make an incline. You can use it to push an object up or down.

37
Q

How do you calculate Mechanical Advantage?

A

You divide your output force by your input force. Output over Input.

38
Q

What are two examples of a complex machine?

A

Bycicle, Hole puncher, Stapler, Scissors, etc…

39
Q

What is the point that the lever balances on called ?

A

The fulcrum

40
Q

What is the purpose of a wedge ?

A

The purpose is to split objects into peices

41
Q

What one of theses are a wedge ? a) screw b) axe c) domino d) all above

A

b) axe

42
Q

How many kinds of pulley(s) are there and what are is the name(s) of it? a) 1 b) 2 c)3

A

b) 2 a fixed and movable

43
Q

What is the difference of a movable and fixed pulley ?

A

Fixed can’t move what you use for a wheel+ axle and movable can move what you use as a wheel+ axle

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