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4 DEM > 8 FGM > Flashcards

8 FGM Flashcards

1
Q

What is Female Genital Cutting?

A

term used by WHO to make it clear FGM is a violation of human rights, clear distinction from male circumcision, emphasises harmfulness of act

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2
Q

What is female genital cutting?

A

excision genital cutting.

some people use this as ‘mutilation’ stigmatises FGM

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3
Q

Who used the term ‘Female circumcision?

A

used in FGM-affected countries

WHO says it should be avoided as it suggests a similarity to male circumcision

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4
Q

What is type 1 FGM?

A

clitoridectomy

partial or total removal of clitoral hood and/or clitoral glans

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5
Q

What is type 2 FGM?

A

excision

partial or total removal of clitoral glans and inner labia and/or outer labia

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6
Q

What is type 3 FGM?

A

Infibulation
partial or total removal of clitoral glans and inner/outer labia

inner/outer labia sewn/fused together leaving small hole

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7
Q

What is type 4 FGM?

A 
other harmful procedures
piercing
scraping
burning
stretching
pricking
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8
Q

How many women around the world have been subjected to FGM?

A

200 million

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9
Q

Where is FGM most prominent?

A

eastern europe
Latin America
MIddle East
South Eastern Asia

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10
Q

What are the strengths of census based estimates of UK FGM statistics?

A

good starting point
record changes in populaition
accessible data for analysis

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11
Q

What are the weaknesses of census based estimates of UK FGM statistics?

A

statistics are estimated
too generalised
only collected every 10 years

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12
Q

What are the strengths of NHS Digital DAta for UK FGM statistics?

A

attempt to clean data
data easily accessible
enable service planning/provision

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13
Q

What are the weaknesses of NHS Digital Data for UK FGM statistics?

A

poor data recording
statistics remain experimental
reliability at 35% in some areas

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14
Q

What proporiton of women giving brith in England and Wales 2008-11 were survivors of FGM?

A

1.5%

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15
Q

Name 5 immediate impacts fo FGM

A 
severe pain/injury
death
speticaemia
transmission of blood borne viruses (Hep B, HIV)
fracture of bones
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16
Q

Name 5 shorter term impacts of FGM

A 
delayed wound healing
scarring/keloid formation
pelvic infection
epidermoid cysts/abscesses
neuroma
17
Q

Name 5 longer term impacts of FGM

A 
death
Haemtocopos
Dysmenorrhoea
morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and childbirth
dysuria
18
Q

What are deinfibulated women at less risk of?

A

C-sections

Postpartum haemorrhage

19
Q

What are the signs that someone might be at risk of FGM?

A

mother undergone FGM (or oher female family)
father/partner from FGM community
parents say they are taking them away for a long time
girl withdrawn from PSHE lessons
family believe FGM is important

20
Q

What are the signs someone might have undergone FGM?

A 
ask for help
the explicitly say
family say
difficulty walking/sitting etc
looks uncomfortable
spends longer on toilet
presents with frequent urinary/menstrual/stomach issues
prolonged absenses form school/work reluctant to undergo medical examinations
21
Q

What must an HCP do if they identif FGM?

A

document in medical notes

FGM referral made to social services

22
Q

WHen was the first FGM conviction?

A

2019 Female performing FGM (guilty - sentences to 11 years in jail for FGM on daughter)

23
Q

What act was passed in 2003?

A

Female Genital Mutilation Act

24
Q

What act was passed in 2005?

A

Prohibition of FGM (Scotland) Act 2005

25
Q

What act was passed in 2015?

A

Serious Crime act

26
Q

What act was passed in 2020?

A

FGM Protection and GUidance (Scotland) Act

27
Q

Since when has FGM been illegal in the UK?

A

1985

28
Q

What did the combination of 2003 and 2005 FGM Acts introduce?

A

penalties: 14 years in prison and/or fine

failing to protect a girl from risk of genital mutilation included

29
Q

Under which acts do HCP’s have to report FGM?

A

combination of 2015 and 2020

under section 5B of the FGM Act 2003

30
Q

Do you have to verify FGM to report it?

A

No

31
Q

Who has to report FGM?

A

whoever identifies it

responsibility can’t be transferred

32
Q

Who does mandatory reporting not appy to?

A

an adult woman disclosing she has FGM
you suspect a girl has FGM but haven’t been disclosed, or haven’t seen it
you know it’s already been reported

33
Q

What should you do in cases where you don’t need to report FGM?

A

follow local safeguarding procedures

34
Q

How do you report FGM as a regulated HCP?

A

phoning police on 101
making full and detailed record on local IT system
alerting senior manager and safeguarding lead

4 DEM (10 decks)

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