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MSK 2 > Anterior and Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Anterior and Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

femoral triangle

A

passage of femoral nerve, artery and vein from abdomen to thigh

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2
Q

femoral artery become popliteal artery when..

A

passes thru adductor hiatus, goes behind the knee

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3
Q

popliteal artery branches

A

anterior and posterior tibial arteries

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4
Q

branches of anterior and posterior tibial arteries

A

anterior- dorsal pedal

posterior- plantar arteries

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5
Q

fascia layers of lower limb

A

superficial fascia- contains nerves, supericial vessels, lymphatics

deep- very strong wapping limb like a sleeve
-thigh called fascia lata
leg called crural fascia

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6
Q

iliotibial band- location, contributions, insertion

A

thick lateral portion of fascia lata, has contributions from aponeuroses of gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata

inserts into gerdys tubercle- lateral condyle of tibia

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7
Q

TFL

A

Tensor Fascia Lata
abductor of hip and flexor of hip

innervated by superior gluteal nerve (L4,5 and S1)

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8
Q

compartments of thigh

A

arise from 3 intermuscular septum from fascia lata

anterior- hip flexors and knee extensors
medial- hip adductors
posterior

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9
Q

2 main superficial veins of lower limb

A

great saphenous- ascends up leg, enters femoral vein thru saphenous hiatus in fascia lata

small saphenous- pierces deep fascia behind knee, enters popliteal vein

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10
Q

location of many deep inguinal nodes

A

beside femoral vein w/i femoral canal, just medial

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11
Q

deep inguinal nodes drain into…

A

external iliac nodes

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12
Q

two groups of anterior thigh muscle, innervation

A

hip flexors- pass anterior to hip joint
knee etensors- pass anterior to knee joint (quadriceps)

innervated mostly by femoral nerve (TFL by gluteal nerve)

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13
Q

iliopsoas muscle

A

fusion of psoas major and ilacus

chief hip flexor, helps w/ lateral rotation

insert into lesser trochanter of femur

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14
Q

leg presentation w/ hip fracture

A

femur is shortened and laterally rotated- iliopsoas is in spasm when femur is fractured superior to lesser trochanter

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15
Q

etiologies of psoas abscess

A

close proxiimity to organs like appendix and colon, can spread

also rich vascular supply, can have hematogenous infection

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16
Q

clin pres of psoas abscess

A

fever, low back pain, hip thigh pain

psoas sign- pain on extension of hip

present in fetal position

was more common when TB was prevalnet

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17
Q

4 heads of quad

A

rectus femoris-middle superficial
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius- middle deep

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18
Q

quad insertion, nerve roots, fn

A

insert into quad tendon, contains patella and continues as patallar tendon and inserts into tibial nerve

femoral nerve from L2,3,4 (kick the garbage out the door)

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19
Q

quad that is most susceptible to tear

A

rectus femoris- crosses hip and knee joints

20
Q

femoral nerve roots and fn, branches

A

L2,3,4, goes beneath inguinal ligament

quad, sartorius, pectineus muscles

several anterior femoral cutaneous branches

terminates as saphenous nerve, cutenous to medial lower leg and foot

21
Q

osgood schlatter disease

A

stress from powerful quad inflames the not fully develops tibial tuberosity

self limiting b/w 1-3 yrs

22
Q

5 medial thigh muslces and fn, innervation

A 
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus
gracilis
obturator externus

adduct the hip

obturator nerve for the most part

23
Q

origin and insertion of major hip adductors

A

longus, brevis, magnus from pubis to posterior femur

24
Q

adductor magnus segments, contents

A

largest, most powerful medial thigh muscle

3 parts- minmus, adductor in middle, hamstring (attaches to adductor tubercle of femur, innervated by sciatic nerve)

adductor hiatus secures and protects femoral artery and vein

25
Q

clincial importance of femoral artery thru adductor hiatus

A

common spot for atherosclerosis

26
Q

pectineus

A

flex and adduct hip- innervated by femoral and/or obturator

27
Q

gracilis

A

long thin adductor- used for muscle grafts

28
Q

sartorius

A

long thing muscle abducts, externally rotates, flexes hip

29
Q

gracilis and sartorius insertions

A

into pes anserinus on medial tibial condyle (along w/ semitendinosus)

30
Q

four major lower limb gateways

A

obturator canal
under inguinal ligament
greater sciatic foramen
lesser sciatic foramen

31
Q

obturator canal contents

A

obturator nerve (divides into anteriro and posterior branches) and vessels supplying medial thigh compartment

32
Q

2 parts of inguinal ligament gap

A

muscular lacuna laterally

vascular lacuna medially

divided by iliopectineal arch

33
Q

muscular lacuna contents

A

iliopsoas

lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, femoral nerve

34
Q

vascular lacuna contents

A

femoral artery and vein

femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve

lymphatics

35
Q

borders of femoral triangle

A

superior- inguinal ligament

medial- adductor longus

lateral- sartorius

36
Q

contents of femoral triangle lateral to medial

A

femoral nerve
femoral artery
femoral vein

venous near the penis

femoral sheath also

37
Q

femoral sheath contents

A

funnel shaped fascial tube under inguinal ligament

encloses proximal femoral vessels and femoral canal, NOT femoral nerve

38
Q

3 compartments of femoral sheath

A

lateral- femoral artery

intermediate- femoral vein

medial- femoral canal w/ deep lymphatic nodes

39
Q

top of femoral canal is..

A

femoral ring

40
Q

lacunar ligmanet

A

adjacent to femoral canal, under constant tension

41
Q

define femoral hernia

A

protrusion of adbodminal viscera thru femoral ring into femoral canal

42
Q

complication of femoral hernia

A

can enlarge and pass thru saphenous hiatus into subq tissues

can be strangulated by lacunar ligament, causing necrosis
surgical emrgency

43
Q

population more susceptible to femoral hernia

A

females

44
Q

adductor canal location and contents

A

femoral artery and vein exit femoral triangle into adducotr canal

middle third of thigh under sartorius, extends from apex of triangle to adductor hiatus

contains femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

45
Q

femoral artery branches

A

deep femoral artery (profunda) thru femoral triangle

circumflex supply proximal femur/head

perforating branches pierce adductor magnus and supply posterior compartment

superficial femoral artery continues down adductor canal

popliteal artery via adductor hiatus

46
Q

cutaneous inneration of thigh- 4 nerves

A

lateral femoral cutaneous- superior lateral thigh

femoral- anterior cutanous branches innervate skin of thigh

saphenous- sensation along medial leg and then foot

obturaror- small cutanous branch that innervates skin of medial thigh

MSK 2 (6 decks)

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