7.4 lecture Q's

Question 1

What are the structures of a typical eukaryotic cell, and what are their functions?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells and have a “true” nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and rod-shaped chromosomes. The nucleus houses the cell’s DNA and directs the synthesis of proteins and ribosomes.

Question 2

What are the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells?

Answer 2

both eukaryotic cells

Plant cells have a cell wall, but animals cells do not.

Question 3

what do you call the environment enclosed by plasma membrane

Answer 3

cytoplasm

Question 4

what is cytoplasm

Answer 4

a semifluid material

Question 5

whats the cytoskeleton do

Answer 5

its support system

Question 6

whats the difference between Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Answer 6

in prokaryotes, all the chemical processes of the cell take place directly in the cytoplasm.
In eukaryotes, these processes take place within organelles in the cytoplasm.

Question 7

what are Microtubules

Answer 7

long, hollow protein cylinders that form a rigid skeleton for the cell and assist in moving substances within the cell.

Question 8

what are Microfilaments

Answer 8

thin protein threads that help give the cell shape and enable the part or the entire cell move.

Question 9

whats an analogy that compares active transport in a cell to with train transport in a mountainous region

Answer 9

like riding a bike up or down a hill. If you are riding a bike uphill (from low to high) it. requires energy - like Active Transport.

Question 10

what are some statements about the sodium-potassium ATPase pump that are true

Answer 10

• The pump maintains the level of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) inside and outside the cell.
• The pump uses the energy to transport three sodium ions out of the cell while moving two potassium ions into the cell.

Question 11

what are some functions of proteins in the plasma membrane

Answer 11

• Proteins span the entire membrane and create tunnels through which certain substances enter and leave the cell.
• Proteins at the inner surface of the plasma membrane anchor the plasma membrane to the cell’s internal support structure, giving the cell its shape.
• When found on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, proteins called receptors transmit signals to the inside of the cell.