7. Changes at home and abroad Flashcards
Revise
What were the main political factions emerging in the Assembly
The Monarchists on the right side of the Assembly and the radicals on the left.
Societe de 89 - founded by Sieyes. Had members like Lafayette and Mirabeau
Jacobin Club had over 1,000 members by 1790. Had members like Robespierre.
Feuillant Club was a more moderate break away from the Jacobins.
Cordeliers Club was on the left and had a wide membership. had members like Danton, Marat and Desmoulins.
Who were the main journalist figures?
Desmoulins, low-cost, nationwide newspaper which attacked the monarchy.
Marat, attacked moderate leaders like Lafayette and was extremely radical.
Herbert, praised by the higher classes who saw it as being true to the revolution. Sprang his own extreme group called the Herbertists.
What were the other political influences in the period?
Lafayette was the Commander of the National Guard and helped maintain order.
Bailly was the Parisian mayor until 1791.
The Paris Commune also wielded some influence and was the authority in areas.
What were the causes of the flight to Varennes?
Louis was a prisoner in the Tuileries.
Civil Constitution of the Clergy opposed his beliefs.
The political clubs were becoming more radical.
Mirabeau had died leaving Louis without an ally.
Louis and his family had already been prevented from leaving by the radical National Guard.
When was the flight and what were the events?
20/21st of June 1791. Intended to flee to Austria.
However was slowed down by the carriage, they were recognised on their route and escorted back to Paris by the members of the National Assembly.
What were the consequences of the Flight to Varennes?
King was temporarily suspended. Had undermined his position and the constitution. 290 abstained from suspending the King but he had lost his support. Greater calls for a republic spread
What was the major event July 1791?
The Champ de Mars massacre. 50 people were killed by lafayette and the National Guard while signing a petition to create a republic.
What was the outcome of the Champ De Mars massacre?
Split views. There was a moderate faction, the Feuillant Club formed over fears of mob violence. Drove many extremist leaders underground eg Danton and Marat.
However increased tension and radical sentiment.
What were the causes of the war against the Austrians April 1792?
The Declaration of Pilnitz by Leopold and Fredrick-William of Prussia demanded Louis be given his throne back or they would use force. This created greater suspicion over Louis.
Louis then vetoed two decrees, one over threatening emigres unless they returned, the other threatening refractory priests. The use of vetoes only weakened Louis’ position as King.
Both the Girondins and Jacobins (aside from Robespierre) wanted to fight the Austrians.
The royal family supported the war in order to restore their crown, Louis was in communication with his emigre brothers, and Marie-Antoinette with Leopold.
Louis appointed Girondin leaders and France declared war after Prussia had promised Austria 20,000 troops in April 1792.
What were the issues with the War with Austria and Prussia?
Although they had more troops, there was division between the new National Guard and the Old troops loyal to the King. The commanders weren’t trusted eg Lafayette.
The war was met by a wave of counter-revolution suspicion eg The Assembly voted for deportation of refractory priests
The Assembly ordered the King’s Guard to disband
They included federes in the volunteer soliders.
Louis vetoed all of these before expelling his Girondin ministers.
Lafayette was accused of planning counter-revolutionary actions and General Dumouriez left the war Cabinet and went off to fight.
