5A

Question 1

When do we have evidence for mediation

Answer 1

we have found evidence for mediation of the effect of an independent variable X on a dependent variable by the mediator Z when three criteria have been satisfied.

Question 2

The three criteria that must been satisfied for evidence for mediation

Answer 2

1. x must have a significant effect on Y
2. the original effect of X must decrease after controllig for Z (full or partial mediation)
3. the indirect effect msut be significant in a sobel test

Question 3

four steps to test the three criteria (for evidence for mediation)

Answer 3

1. estimate the effect of x on y
2. estimate the effects of X and Z on Y in one model
3. estimate the effect of X on Z
4. the sobel-test, to test the significance of the indirect effect

Question 4

Full mediation

Answer 4

Effect on X on Y is totally removed after controlling for Z

Question 5

Partial mediation

Answer 5

effect of X on Y is merley reduced afer controlling for Z

Question 6

Almost full mediation

Answer 6

The direct effect ‘c is almost zero and only a fraction of the total effect c