5.1 Reflexes Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a reflex?

A

involuntary response to sensory stimulus

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2
Q

state the steps in a reflex arc:

A
stimulus
receptor
sensory
relay
motor
effector
response
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3
Q

what is a withdrawal reflex?

A

one that involves moving away e.g. hand moving away from a hot object

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4
Q

what is the blinking reflex?

A

the involuntary blinking of the eyelids

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5
Q

when does the corneal reflex occur?

A

when the cornea is stimulated (touched)

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6
Q

when does the optical reflex occur?

A

when the eye is exposed to bright light

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7
Q

why is the blinking reflex known as the CRANIAL REFLEX?

A

occurs in the brain and not the spinal cord

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8
Q
  1. when the cornea is stimulated the stimulus triggers….
A

…an impulse along a sensory neurone (fifth cranial nerve)

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9
Q
  1. the impulse then passes….
A

….through a relay neurone in the lower brain stem

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10
Q
  1. impulses are then sent…
A

…along branches of the motor neurone (seventh cranial nerve)

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11
Q
  1. this initiates….
A

…. a motor response that closes the eyelids

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12
Q
  1. the closing of both the eyelids is called a…
A

….consensual response

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13
Q

when examining unconscious patients why do doctors test for the blinking reflex?

A

used to determine if the patient is brain dead

reflex is present it indicates lower brain stem is functioning

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14
Q

what type of reflex is the knee jerk reflex?

A

spinal reflex

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15
Q
  1. the patella is tapped this….
A

…stretches the patella tendon

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16
Q
  1. stimulus initiated reflex arc causes the extensor muscle on top of the thigh ….
A

… to contract

17
Q
  1. a relay neurone inhibits the (?) of the flexor muscle causing….
A

…it to relax

(?) motor neurone

18
Q
  1. contraction coordinated with relaxation of antagonistic flexor hamstring muscle….
A

….causes the leg to kick

19
Q

what could the absence of the knee jerk reflex indicate?

A

nervous problems

20
Q

what do reflexes prevent or reduce?

A

the body being harmed / severity of damage

21
Q

reflexes are extremely fast and prevent what?

A

the brain being overloaded increasing chances of survival