3.1 Movement of Molecules In and Out of Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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2
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a partially permeable membrane

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3
Q

What is active transport?

A

The movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. Energy is required

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4
Q

How does water move into and out of cells?

A

Osmosis

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5
Q

How do the root hair cells of a plant absorb minerals?

A

Active transport

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6
Q

How can the effectiveness of an exchange surface be increased?

A

Increasing the surface area, having thin walls, efficient blood supply (animals), being well ventilated (animals)

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7
Q

What contracts and relaxes in humans in order to breathe?

A

The intercostal muscles and the diaphragm

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8
Q

What is the upper body called?

A

The thorax

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9
Q

What happens to the volume and the pressure in the thorax when the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract?

A

The volume increases and the pressure decreases

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10
Q

What happens to the volume and the pressure in the thorax when the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm relax?

A

The volume decreases and the pressure increases

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11
Q

How is the surface area increased in the human body?

A

Alveoli (lungs), villi (small intestines)

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12
Q

What do soft drinks contain?

A

Water, sugar and ions

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13
Q

What does increasing the size and complexity do to the difficulty of exchanging materials?

A

Makes it more difficult

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14
Q

What do the villi do?

A

Provide a large surface area with an extensive network of capillaries to absorb products of digestion by diffusion and active transport?

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15
Q

What is the name of the movement of air into and out of the lungs?

A

Ventilation

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