4.4.4.2 Nuclear Fusion

Question 1

Nuclear fusion:

Answer 1

• the joining of 2 light nuclei to form a heavier, larger nucleus
• in this process some of the mass may be converted into the energy of radiation

Question 2

What is a natural fusion reactor?

Answer 2

the Sun

Question 3

Why should nuclear fusion be pursued?

Answer 3

• fusion would be a much more efficient way of producing energy compared to fission however no design has been produced that could accomplish positive net energy on earth
• per kg the E released in fission is 16,000 times that of coal
• fusion could release almost 4.5x more than that of fission
  
  • extremely high temps need to be achieved - more than 100 million degrees, x7 hotter than the centre of the Sun

Question 4

What is the sum of the masses of the 2 nuclei in nuclear fusion more than and why?

Answer 4

• the sum of the masses of the 2 nuclei in nuclear fusion is more than the mass of the heavier nucleus
• due to some of the mass being converted into energy

Question 5

Consequences of developing nuclear fusion power stations to generate electricity:

Answer 5

• makes another source of energy available
• increases supply of electricity
• able to meet global demand
• less environmental damage
• reduces amount of other fuels used