4.2.2 classification & evolution Flashcards
Define classification
The process of naming and organising organisms into groups based on their characteristics
Name the 8 groups in the classification hierarchy, from largest to smallest
Domain kingdom phylum class order family genius species
What are the two components to a binomial name
generic name: the genus that the organism belongs to and 2 closely related species will share the same genus
specific name: the species the Organism belongs to
What is the advantage of the binomial naming system
It is universal. Organisms binomial name is the same everywhere in the world
Suggest why the resistance of MRSA to existing antibiotics is of major concern
MRS a is harder to treat and there is a potential for disease outbreak and developing more powerful antibiotics is expensive
How does fossil evidence support the idea that evolution has taken place
Also show that organisms have changed over time and fossils can be dated and fossil show a intermediate forms
Name five kingdoms and three domains
Prokaryote, protoctista fungi, plantae, , And Animalia are kingdoms
Bacteria, archaea and Eukaryota all domains
How are organisms classified into a kingdom
Based on similarities in observable characteristics
How was the domain system of classification developed
by analysing molecular differences between organisms to determine the evolutionary relationships phylogeny
What is the difference between classification and phylogeny
Classification is simply sorting organisms into groups but phylogeny investigates the evolutionary relationships between organisms
Explain how natural selection results and evolution
Random mutations result in new alleles, some alleles provide an advantage against selection pressures, making an individual more likely to survive and reproduce. Their offspring receive the new allele and I said to have evolved a new characteristic
How did Darwin and Wallace contribute to the theory of evolution
observed that birds have many different beak shapes
Concluded that bird with big shapes more suited to the food they eat are more likely to survive and therefore pastor speak shape onto their offspring
Why mifhtbwe calculator Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient
Measure correlation between two variables e.g. the extent to which changing one variable affect the other variable
Explain how Spearman’s rank results are interpreted
closer to 1 more positive correlation
closer to negative one is more negative correlation
Zero is no correlation
What are three types of adaptations and give examples of each
anatomical changes to body structure e.g. oily fur
physiological: changes to bodily processes e.g. venom production
Behavioural: changes to actions e.g. hibernation
