4.1-4.2 Flashcards
Give a definition , 3 examples and locations in uk of igneous rock
When magma reaches the earths crusts and cools solidifying into a solid substance Basalt Andesite Crystal Scottish highlands Outer hebrides Skye and mull
What is sedimentary rock and give examples
Rock that has formed due to deposition or due to water transportation Sandstone Limestone Shale North west highlands Yorkshire Mudstone cliffs
What is the difference between metamorphic and igneous rock
The main difference is how they are formed. Metamorphic is formed when magma melts existing rock turning it to something new while igneous rock is occurring due to magma cooling Down near the crust
Explain the different formations of granite and limestone
Granite is a light coloured igneous rock which forms when magma over a long period of time crystallizes . Limestone is a sedimentary rock that forms due to the accumulation of shells , coral and fecal debris
Compare the formation of chalk and slate
Chalk is actually a pure form of limestone formed in warm tropical seas over hundreds of millions of years . Slate is a metamorphic rock formed by the metamorphose of mudstone and shale
How and when did volcanoes shape the upland landscape
Volcanoes are formed when 2 tectonic plates pull away usually constructive plate . The magma rises due to the opening and cools because of the drastic change of temprature
How did glaciers for the upland landscapes
As glaciers move they pluck rock off the ground eroding the ground . The rock which is picked up scrapes against the floor and due to abrasion erodes it even more. Water that gets into cracks In the rock will freeze widening the rock eventually forming a u shaped valley .
How was sedimentary rock formed in the uk
Sandstone layers formed into anticline about 700 million years ago. Anticline is when tectonic plates push rock upwards .
Sedimentary rock is also formed when rocks over millions of years of compression.
How has glacial deposition formed the lowland landscapes in the uk
The lowland areas across Britain, where ancient glaciers have created plains and rolling landscapes and deposited fertile material transported from highland areas, provide an opportunity for different activities.
How old is sedimentary rock in the uk
The sedimentary rock is 2-5 million years old
How old is metamorphic rock
500 hundred million years old
Define metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rock is sedimentary rock that has been heated up and placed under a lot of pressure
What is scarp and how is it formed
When a fault in the rock is eroded creating a slope shape
What are soil movements
Soil moves when mass movement or gravity is applied against rocks . Landslides may occur landslides would usually occur in uplands as in the lowlands the grounds are quite flat .
What is a misfit river
A river in a u shaped valley left by a glacier which is two small to erode the valley it is located in
