4-Islam - Key Beliefs Flashcards
What are the two main traditions in Islam?
Sunni and Shi’a
Who was the founder of Islam?
Muhammad
Who revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad?
Allah
What are the Six articles of faith in Sunni Islam?
1: Tawhid (Allah is the only God)
2: Malaikah (Angels)
3: Belief in Holy Books
4: Nubuwwah (Prophets)
5: Day of Judgement
6: al-Qadr (predestination - Allah knows and decides everything that’s going to happen)
What are the 5 articles of faith in Shi’a Islam?
1: Tawhid
2: Adalat (belief in divine justice)
3: Nubuwwah
4: Imamah (authority of the imams)
5: Ma’ad (day of resurrection)
What is it called when Muslims should focus on Muhammad and his way of life?
Sunnah
In Shi’a Islam, who was the first true caliph, and what did Allah give him?
Ali was the first caliph. Allah gave him knowledge to ensure his teachings and actions were right.
What does Tawhid mean?
The oneness of God (there is only one God)
Allah is the only God in Islam
How many names does Allah have?
99
What do the 99 names refer to?
They refer to Allah’s charcteristics
What does Merciful mean?
Allah is kind and forgives people’s sins
What does omnipotent mean?
Allah is all-powerful. He created the universe and is in control of it.
What does benevolent mean?
Allah is all-good - he can do no evil.
What does Just mean?
Allah will judge people’s behaviour in a fair way
What does Immanent mean?
Allah is present and involved in the world
What does transcendent mean?
Allah is above everything - he has no equal
How did Allah’s messages get around?
Sent to angels, who then passed onto the prophets who told the Muslim people.
Who was the first prophet?
Adam - he was also the first man.
Name 6 other prophets.
Ibrahim (Abraham) Isma’il (Ishmael) Musa (Moses) Dawud (David) Isa (Jesus) Muhammad
How many surahs are there in the Qur’an?
114
What are the purpose of angels?
The purpose of angels is to follow Allah’s orders and communicate with humans, often via the prophets.
Why is angel Jibril (Gabriel) important?
He revealed Allah’s words (the Qur’an) to Muhammad. He also revealed messages to other prophets.
He is the ANGEL OF REVELATION
Why is Mika’il (Michael) an important angel?
He asks Allah to forgive people’s sins.
What does Izrail (Azrael) do?
He takes souls from people’s bodies when they die
He is the ANGEL OF DEATH.
Who blows the trumpet on the Day of Judgement?
Israfil (Raphael)
What is the idea of Al-Qadr (predestination)?
That Allah has decided everything that will happen.
What is Yawm ad-Din?
It is the Day of Judgement, where Allah decides how people will spend the afterlife, based on their behaviour in life.
What is Jannah?
Heaven (paradise) - a place of peace, happiness and beauty.
“Garden of Pleasure” - Qur’an 31:8
What is Jahannam?
Hell - a place of scorching fire and boiling water.
What are the Five Pillars of Islam (Sunni Islam)?
1: Shahadah - the declaration of faith
2: Salah - prayer 5 times a day
3: Zakah - charitable giving
4: Sawm - obligation to fast during Ramadam
5: Hajj -pilgrimage to Makkah
What are the Ten Obligatory Acts (Shi’a)?
Salah, Sawm, Zakah, Hajj
Khums - annual tax
Jihad - ‘struggle’
Amr-bil-Maroof and Nahu Anil Munkar
Tawalla and Tabarra
What is Zakah?
Zakah is the charitable giving. Distributing wealth.
The amount is 2.5% of a person’s wealth each year.
How many times should people do Hajj?
At least once in their life time, as long as they can afford it and are physically well enough to cope with the journey
What is the Ka’aba?
The ka’aba is a giant stone cube covered with a black cloth in Makkah, which is circled 7 times anti clockwise.
What is the Greater Jihad?
Every Muslims struggle to obey Allah, follow his teachings and become a better Muslim.
What is Lesser Jihad?
Struggle to make the world a better place
