3.1.7 Inorganic ions

Question 1

where is Na+ (sodium) found

Answer 1

in animals: extracellular ion muscles

Question 2

function of Na+

Answer 2

• generating and transmitting nerve impulses
• helps generate electrical signals to trigger muscle contractions
• osmoregulation
• cotransport of glucose and amino acids

Question 3

where is Fe2+ (iron) found

Answer 3

component of haemoglobin and myoglobin and chlorophyll

Question 4

function of Fe2+

Answer 4

• component of RBC which binds to oxygen throughout the body
• essential during electron transport part of cellular respiration
• a cofactor for many enzymes helping DNA synthesis and metabolism

Question 5

where is PO4 3+ (phosphate) found

Answer 5

a part of DNA, RNA and ATP

Question 6

function of PO4 3+

Answer 6

• key component of ATP for energy production
• part of the sugar phosphate backbone
• component of phospholipid membrane
• combines with calcium for bone and teeth structure
• regulation and activation of enzymes

Question 7

where is H+ (hydrogen) found

Answer 7

water, carbohydrates, proteina, lipids and gas in the atmosphere

Question 8

function of H+

Answer 8

• component of water - essential
• acid-base balance to maintain pH balance in cells + body fluid