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t&t > 2A Factors affecting tourism > Flashcards

2A Factors affecting tourism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the economic factors affecting travel and tourism

A 
Recession
Boom
Levels of employment
Changing costs of fuel
Changes in currency rates
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2
Q

What are the political factors affecting travel and tourism?

A

Legislation
Trade and airport taxes affecting cost of travel
Passport and visa requirements
Government promotes tourism through taxes and incentives
Political instability - civil unrest / war results in disruption, cancelled holidays, business failure and poor image

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3
Q

How does media, publicity and image affect tourism?

A

Positive or negative
Can create over tourism e.g. Maya Bay, Thailand
Influential role of film and TV tourism e.g. New Zealand after Lord of the Rings
Can cause decline e.g. after tragedy e.g. child goes missing

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4
Q

Types of media

A 
newspapers / magazines
online reviews e.g. tripadvisor
blogs
film & tv
international or sporting events e.g. Olympics
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5
Q

How can safety and security affect tourism?

A

Personal safety e.g. theft, getting lost, accidents
Safety measures implemented by authorities and travel providers can slow travel or improve it as people feel more safe
Visitors to be aware of guidance e.g. where to avoid, keeping possessions safe
Possible effects of safety and security on appeal of destination e.g. decline after terrorist attack

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6
Q

How can health risks and precautions affect tourism?

A

Infectious diseases and vaccinations
Precautions and preventative measures e.g. hygiene, clothing, food and drink
Health risks could lead to bad publicity for destinations
The precautions could influence choice of holiday

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7
Q

What infectious diseases am I exposed to while travelling?

A 
malaria
yellow fever
cholera
tetanus
typhoid
norovirus / coronavirus
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8
Q

What are natural disasters?

A

natural events that can cause death e.g. geological hazards or severe weather events

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9
Q

Name the 4 geological hazards

A

earthquakes
volcanic eruptions
sink holes
tsunamis

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10
Q

Name the severe weather events

A 
flooding, 
drought, 
fires, 
landslides, 
hurricanes, 
tornadoes, 
avalanches, 
snow storms
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11
Q

What are the possible effects of natural hazards on tourism?

A

impact on local business, infrastructure, business operations,
disruption/cancellation for visitors,
repatriation,
evacuation

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12
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; high temperature, feel hot and shivery, headaches, vomiting and muscle pain?

A

Malaria

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13
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; fever, headache, jaundice, muscle pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue?

A

Yellow fever

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14
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; diarrhoea, vomiting, thirst?

A

cholera

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15
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; muscle spasms, painful stiffness across body, trouble swallowing, jerking?

A

tetanus

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16
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; weakness, stomach pain, headache, diarrhoea / constipation, cough?

A

typhoid

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17
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; diarrhoea, vomiting, nausea, stomach pain, body aches, mild fever

A

norovirus

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18
Q

What infectious disease has the following symptoms; high temperature, persistent cough, loss of taste/smell, fatigue?

A

coronavirus

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19
Q

What is a sink hole?

A

collapse in the surface of the earth, often sudden and sometimes circular

20
Q

What is a tsunami?

A

series of waves caused by an earthquake underneath the sea

21
Q

What is a hurricane?

A

A massive storm system with very strong waves and heavy rain. They occur in the tropics

22
Q

What is a landslide?

A

When part of a slope collapses and falls. It can cover entire villages, or happen after an earthquake, or heavy rainfall

23
Q

What is a drought?

A

When there is not enough water after a long period without rain

24
Q

What is a tornado?

A

mobile spinning wind system, which looks like a funnel. It is dry (no rain) but very strong winds

25
Q

What is an avalanche?

A

mass of snow, ice and rocks falling very quickly down a mountain

26
Q

What is a snowstorm?

A

Also known as a blizzard. When there is so much snow, there is very poor visability so you can’t see more than 2m ahead of you.

27
Q

What is a boom?

A

When the economy of a country experiences medium or long term growth

28
Q

What is currency exchange?

A

Also called foreign exchange - it means to change the value of money from one country’s currency to another

29
Q

What is disposable income?

A

The amount of money a person has left after the deduction of taxes and basic living costs. Income spent on things that a person wants rather than needs e.g. holiday

30
Q

What is economic?

A

To do with a country’s money, trade of goods and services and jobs

31
Q

What are employment levels?

A

Measures how many people of working age are in employment at any one time

32
Q

What is an epidemic?

A

a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a region or large area of the world at a particular time

33
Q

What is GDP?

A

Gross domestic product

the total value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year

34
Q

What is infrastructure?

A

The structure and facilities e.g. roads, buildings, power supplies that enable a tourist destination to function properly

35
Q

What is a pandemic?

A

Worldwide spread of a disease

36
Q

What is a preventative measure?

A

the action of stopping something from happening or arising

37
Q

What are public relations?

A

the professional maintenance of a favourable public image by a company or other organization or a place or a famous person

38
Q

What is a recession?

A

Slowdown of economic activity measured by looking at a pattern lasting more than 6 months

39
Q

What is repatriation?

A

The return of a person to their country of origin

40
Q

What is unemployment?

A

Not having paid work

41
Q

What is a visa?

A

an endorsement (usually a sticker or stamp) on a passport indicating that the holder is allowed to enter, leave, or stay for a specified period of time in a country

42
Q

How do organisations respond to factors?

A

Adapt and develop new products or services
Adapting operational procedures
Reviewing destinations offered
Reviewing price structures - adjusting to maintain / attract
Managing public relations

43
Q

How do governments respond to factors?

A 
Local / national / regional
Providing up-to-date information
Promoting a positive image
Encouraging employment
Improving infrastructure
Introducing security measures
44
Q

How do voluntary organisations respond to factors?

A

Promoting sustainability, conservation and protection
Campaigning governments to make changes
Raising awareness of issues - ethical and environmental
Raising funds

45
Q

What is hedging?

A

When tour operators insure themselves against a negative event

46
Q

What are operational procedures?

A

Set of step by step instructions written by an organisation to help workers carry out complex routine operations

47
Q

What are pricing structures?

A

This is a list of prices for the holiday products provided by a tour operator. They complete risk analysis and adjust prices to ensure there is appropriate profit

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