2.6.5- Cell Diversity In Plants

Question 1

What are palisade cells?

Answer 1

Closely packed photosynthetic cells in leaves that have roles in photosynthesis.

Question 2

Describe what root hair cells are.

Answer 2

They are epidermal cells of young roots, with long hair like projections that collect water and minerals from
The soul and take them up through the roots to the rest of the plant.

Question 3

List the three examples of specialised plant cells.

Answer 3

Guard cells
Palisade cells
Root hair cells

Question 4

Explain the different ways in which palisade cells are specialised for their roles in photosynthesis.

Answer 4

They contain chloroplasts to allow photosynthesis, a vacuole is present so that the chloroplasts are closer to the edge of the cell, creating a shorter CO2 diffusion path, they contain cytoskeleton threads and motor proteins that move chloroplasts to cater to the sunlight intensity, long and cylindrical so pack closely in together.

Question 5

What is the function of s root hair cell in plants?

Answer 5

It collects water and minerals from the soul and takes them up through the roots to the rest of the plant.

Question 6

Explain the four main adaptations of root hair cells for its function.

Answer 6

Increased SA- large SA:V for more absorption/ have carrier proteins to actively transport in mineral ions/ produces ATP by aerobic resp for this active transport/ the cells WP is lowered when mineral ions are actively transported in so water flows in by osmosis.

Question 7

What is the function of the guard cells within plants?

Answer 7

To regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.

Question 8

Define what guard cells are.

Answer 8

They are in the leaf’s epidermis and are scrolls that surround the stomata and control it.

Question 9

List the adaptations of guess cells.

Answer 9

They have thin outer and thick inner walls that force them to bend outwards to open the stomata/ sensitive to light, close at night to save water/ light energy used to produce ATP- ATP actively transported K+ ions from surrounding cells by osmosis, causing guard cells to swell do the stomata opens and gaseous exchange can occur- CO2 in for psynthesis, O2 waste produce of psynthesis diffuses out.