2.2 Protein Structure

Question 1

Outline Why CF mucus is sticky

Answer 1

Reduced water level because of faulty transport protein (channel) causing abnormal salt/water transport across cell surface membrane.

Question 2

5 roles of proteins

Answer 2

• Blood clotting factors
• Collagen
• Antibodies
• Membrane proteins
• Keratin

Consider role of each

Question 2

What are proteins?

Answer 2

Proteins are long chains (polymers) of amino acids.

Question 3

Monomer vs Polymer?

Answer 3

• Monomer - small units joined together which make up a polymer
• Polymer - long chain of smaller units joined together

Question 4

Describe the structure of an amino acid

How many amino acids?

Answer 4

• Central carbon atom bonded to amine group, carboxylic acid group and R group.

20 different amino acids (20 R groups)

Question 5

Define an R group

Answer 5

• A side chain specific to each amino acid.
• R groups can contain single or multiple elements.

Question 5

What are the bonds between amino acids in a protein, and how are they formed.

And what is the name of the reaction

Answer 5

Peptide bonds
* OH from acid join with H form amine group
* N joins with C.

Condensation reaction (loss of water)

Question 6

Outline the Primary structure of a protein

What are the bonds know as?

Answer 6

• Amino acids for a chain during condensation reaction. Peptide bonds between amino acids.

Question 7

Outline the secondary structure of a protein

Secondary structure caused by amino acid interactions.

Answer 7

• Interactions/bonds between amino acids in chain cause polymer to coil into** Alpha helix** or fold into a beta pleated sheet.

Question 8

What type of bonds form between amino acids in the secondary protein structure?

Answer 8

• Hydrogen bonds